经典名方麋角丸文献分析与关键信息考证  

Textual and information research of classical prescription Mijiao Pills

作　　者：孟雪儿 朱悦 丁玉华[2] 白加德[3] 温华军 吴海荣 杨滨[6] 钟震宇[3] 段金廒 赵明 MENG Xue-er;ZHU Yue;DING Yu-hua;BAI Jia-de;WEN Hua-jun;WU Hai-rong;YANG Bin;ZHONG Zhen-yu;DUAN Jin-ao;ZHAO Ming(Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization/National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine/Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization,National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae,School of Pharmacy,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve,Dafeng 224136,China;Beijing Milu Ecological Experimental Center,Beijing 100076,China;Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve,Shishou 434407,China;Milu Garden of Qinhu National Wetland Park,Taizhou 225500,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学药学院江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心/中药资源产业化与方剂创新药物国家地方联合工程研究中心/国家中医药管理局中药资源循环利用重点研究室/江苏省方剂高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区,江苏大丰224136 [3]北京麋鹿生态实验中心,北京100076 [4]湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区,湖北石首434407 [5]江苏省溱湖国家湿地公园麋鹿苑,江苏泰州225500 [6]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2021年第14期3478-3486,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1706100);南京中医药大学江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心重点项目(ZDXM-3-12)。

摘　　要：麋鹿是我国特有的珍稀动物,入药历史已逾千年,但由于近代麋鹿的灭绝而导致无药可用。如今麋鹿种群随着重新引进,种群扩大使其药用地位的恢复成为可能。麋鹿角是麋鹿自然脱落产物,其资源蕴藏量随着种群扩大而日渐增大,其珍贵药用价值也亟待利用。首载于唐代孙思邈的《备急千金要方》的麋角丸,是中医药典籍中首张以麋鹿角作为君药的方剂,具有显著的补益功效。原书详细介绍了丸剂的组成、制法、功效主治与服用方法。但是由于该方已逾千年,处方关键信息与现代已有较大变化,严重影响了该经典名方的临床应用与产品开发,亟待系统梳理总结。该文依据国家相关部门颁布的古代经典名方关键信息考证原则,查阅历代本草及医书典籍,结合现代文献资料,并对比2020年版《中国药典》,系统考证总结了麋角丸的处方来源、历史沿革、药物基原与炮制、处方剂量、制法用法等方剂关键信息,以期为该方的临床应用与后续的产品开发提供依据,推动麋鹿角这一珍贵药用动物资源的开发利用。Elaphurus davidianus(Milu),a rare animal unique to China,has been used as medicine for more than a thousand years,but the extinction of Milu in modern times resulted in the unavailability of related medical products.Today,the reintroduction of Milu population makes it possible to restore its medicinal usage.The resource reserves of Cervi Cornu,the natural shedding product from Milu,are increasing with the expansion of the population,allowing it to be fully utilized in the medical field.Mijiao Pills,first recorded in Important Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergency(Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang)by Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty,is the first Chinese medicinal prescription with Cervi Cornu as the sovereign medicinal,which is effective in tonifying.Its composition,preparation,efficacy and indications,and administration are described in detail in the Important Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergency,which however,have changed significantly over the thousands of years,seriously affecting the clinical application of this classical prescription and related product development.Therefore,the key information of this prescription should be systematically collated and summarized.According to the principles of textual research on key information in ancient classical prescriptions promulgated by relevant authorities,this paper reviewed ancient Chinese medical books of the past dynasties,modern literature,as well as the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2020 Version)to figure out such key information as the source,historical evolution,original plants and animals and their processing,dosage,preparation,and usage of Mijiao Pills.This paper aimed to provide a basis for the clinical application of Mijiao Pills and subsequent product development,thus facilitating the development and utilization of this precious medicinal animal resource.

关 键 词：麋角丸 麋鹿角 中药复方 信息考证 

分 类 号：R289.5[医药卫生—方剂学]