平台经济反垄断:理论框架与若干问题分析  

Antitrust in the Field of Platform Economy:Theoretical Framework and Critical Issues

作　　者：杜创[1,2] DU Chuang(Institute of Economies,Chinese Academy of Social Seiences,Beijing 100836.China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所 [2]中国社会科学院大学

出　　处：《金融评论》2021年第4期12-22,123,124,共13页Chinese Review of Financial Studies

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程重大科研规划项目“国家治理体系和治理能力现代化研究”(项目编号:2019ZDGH014)资助。

摘　　要：本文结合平台经济学(多边市场理论)一般原理和中国实践,分析了当前我国平台经济反垄断领域若干热点和深层次问题。本文认为,对平台不公平价格竞争、低于成本销售、二选一、大数据杀熟、链接封禁等热点问题的分析,简单套用普通产品市场经济学是不够的,必须基于平台交叉网络外部性这一基本特征,否则可能得出错误的判断。与此同时,竞争政策基础性地位在中国新发展阶段愈发重要,平台企业已成为中国微观经济结构的重要组成部分,平台经济领域反垄断问题无可回避;需要平衡平台经济对引领高质量发展的重要作用与平台可能走向垄断造成的效率损失,重点关注平台跨界与现有行业监管体制之间的冲突,反垄断与经济管制政策的分工等。This article combines the general principles of platform economics(the theory of multi-sided markets)and China’s practice to analyze some antitrust hotspots and in-depth issues in the field of platform economy in China.The main conclusions are as follows.First,for the analysis of hot issues such as unfair price competition,below-cost sales,exclusivity,price discrimination,and data compatibility,it is not sufficient to simply apply ordinary product market economics,and the analysis must be based on platform’s cross-side network externalities.Otherwise wrong judgments may be drawn.Second,the fundamental status of competition policy is becoming increasingly important as China steps into the new development stage.Platform companies have become an important component of China’s microeconomic structure,and antitrust issues in the platform economy are unavoidable.The importance of platform economy in leading high-quality development needs to be traded off against efficiency losses caused by monopolistic platforms.We suggest paying close attention to the conflicts between platforms’cross-industry behaviors and existing regulatory systems based on individual industries,and to the division of power among antitrust and economic regulations.

关 键 词：平台经济 反垄断 经济管制 多边市场 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] F124[政治法律—法学]