基于分布式光纤传感技术的管道破坏联合检测方法  

A combined detection method for oil and gas pipeline damage based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology

作　　者：邱秀分 张峰 孙志伟 贾庆升 李明 宋聪 何昌邦 QIU Xiufen;ZHANG Feng;SUN Zhiwei;JIA Qingsheng;LI Ming;SONG Cong;HE Changbang(Wuhan Space Sanjiang LITRI Co.Ltd.;Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology,SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司,湖北省430075 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《油气储运》2021年第8期888-894,共7页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：现有的油气管道第三方破坏检测方法的检测效率低、易受环境磁场等外界干扰,导致误报率较高。为了提高检测率,提出一种基于分布式光纤传感技术的油气管道破坏信号检测方法:先计算检测时段内每帧信号的短时能量与修正过零率,再计算所有帧信号的短时平均能量与修正过零率标准差,然后将两者联合起来,通过对破坏信号的有、无进行判定,可以实现有效检测管道破坏信号,大大降低了管道监测系统的误报率。分别模拟不同的人工、机械破坏信号,对新建的联合检测方法进行可行性、有效性验证,结果表明:将短时平均能量与修正过零率标准差联合检测管道破坏信号的方法能够剔除干扰,对人工、机械模拟入侵事件检测准确率超过90%,可为管道安全运行提供技术保障。The existing detection methods for third-party damage of the oil and gas pipelines are low efficient and easy to be disturbed by the external conditions such as the environmental magnetic field,which brings about a high false alarm rate.In order to improve the detection rate,a damage signal detection method for oil and gas pipelines based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology was proposed.For the method,the short-time energy and the corrected zero crossing rate of each frame of signal in the detection period should be calculated at first,then the short-time average energy and the standard deviation of the corrected crossing rate of all frames of signal should be computed,and finally,the two should be combined together to determine if there is any damage signal,which could detect the pipeline damage signal effectively,further significantly reducing the false alarm rate of the pipeline detection system.By simulating various artificial and mechanical damage signals respectively,the feasibility and effectiveness of the new combined detection method were verified.The results show that the method of detecting the pipeline damage signals in combination with the short-time average energy and the corrected zero crossing rate can eliminate the interference,of which the detection accuracy for simulated artificial and mechanical intrusion events is more than 90%,capable of providing technical guarantee to the safe operation of pipelines.

关 键 词：油气管道 光纤传感技术 安全监测 短时平均能量 过零率标准差 联合检测 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]