数字金融、市场参与和农户相对贫困  

Digital Finance,Market Participation and Farmers’Relative Poverty

作　　者：吴静茹 谢家智[1] 涂先进[2] WU Jing-ru;XIE Jia-zhi;TU Xian-jin(Southwest University,Chongqing 400700;Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 400047,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400700 [2]重庆师范大学经济与管理学院,重庆400047

出　　处：《当代财经》2021年第8期64-77,共14页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“金融回归本源发展的中国式分权制度创新”(19XJL005);西南大学2020年度科研基金项目“数字普惠金融发展与相对贫困治理”(20YJ0202);重庆师范大学博士启动基金项目“自我框架视角下的借款者消费行为研究”(20XLB027)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：市场参与机会和能力的提升是缓解相对贫困的持久性内生动力,数字金融通过影响贫困群体心理从而缓解相对贫困的微观机制尚未得到有效验证。基于贫困心理和行为的理论,运用中国家庭追踪调查2014—2018年的数据,采取反事实分析和工具变量两阶段最小二乘法等多种方法验证数字金融对农户相对贫困的影响,并进一步利用中介效应来检验市场参与行为的作用机制,研究发现:第一,数字金融的使用缓解了农户的相对贫困,且数字金融缓解农户相对贫困具有长期、稳定的作用;第二,数字金融对收入相对较高、教育水平相对较高的农户家庭的相对贫困缓解效应更强;第三,数字金融促进了农户的市场参与行为,从而缓解了农户的相对贫困。因此,应通过促进农户市场参与发挥数字金融在缓解农户相对贫困中的有利作用,同时努力提升较低收入和较低教育水平农户的数字金融素养以弥合数字鸿沟。The opportunities of market participation and the improvement of ability are the persistent endogenous driving force to alleviate relative poverty.However,the micro mechanism of digital finance to alleviate relative poverty by influencing the psychology of poor groups has not been effectively verified.Based on the theory of poverty psychology and behavior,this paper uses the data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2014 to 2018 and employs the counterfactual analysis and instrumental variable two-stage least squares methods to verify the impact of digital finance on the relative poverty of rural households.It also makes use of the intermediary effect method to test the mechanism of market participation behavior.The findings show that,firstly,the use of digital finance has alleviated the relative poverty of rural households,and digital finance has a long-term and stable effect in alleviating relative poverty;secondly,the effect of digital finance on poverty alleviation of rural households with higher income and higher educational level is stronger;finally,the digital finance has promoted farmers’market participation behavior,thereby alleviating their relative poverty.Therefore,we should promote farmers’market participation and give beneficial play to digital finance in alleviating farmer’relative poverty,meanwhile,strive to improve the digital financial literacy of farmers with lower income and lower education level,so as to bridge the digital divide.

关 键 词：数字金融 相对贫困 市场参与 贫困心理 

分 类 号：F830.3[经济管理—金融学]