线粒体DNA修复与运动应激的研究进展与展望  

Research Progress and Prospects in Mitochondrial DNA Repair and Exercise Stress

作　　者：张喆[1,2] 丁树哲[1,2] ZHANG Zhe;DING Shuzhe(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;College of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学“青少年健康评价与运动干预”教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241

出　　处：《体育科学》2021年第5期63-72,87,共11页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32000836);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2018ECNU-HLYT048);华东师范大学青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室建设项目(40500-541235-14203)。

摘　　要：由于线粒体功能的特殊性,线粒体DNA(mtDNA)比细胞核DNA(nDNA)更易受损,若修复不当且持续累积,可导致线粒体功能障碍。因此,mtDNA修复是线粒体质量控制中不可或缺的环节。通过对mtDNA修复的最新研究动态进行归纳,提出线粒体DNA聚合酶γ(POLG)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD^(+)/NADH)-NAD^(+)依赖性组蛋白去乙酰化酶(SIRT)、8-氧桥鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶(OGG1)和P53等是介导mtDNA修复的关键分子;运动可通过Sirt3-OGG1和P53调控经典碱基切除修复(BER)途径,从而促进mtDNA修复。进一步探讨了运动应激对mtDNA修复的可能调节机制及mtDNA修复相关分子介导运动适应的途径,以期为运动康复的潜在靶点价值和运动适应与线粒体质量控制的基础研究提供新的理论思考。Due to the specific function of mitochondrion,mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)is more fragile than nuclear DNA(nDNA).If the mtDNA damage can’t be repaired,the accumulated damage will induce mitochondrial dysfunction.Therefore,mtDNA repair is an essential step in the quality control of mitochondrion.Based on the latest research on mtDNA repair,the mitochondrial DNA polymeraseγ(POLG),nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+)/NADH)-NAD^(+)dependent histone deacetylase(SIRT),8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase(OGG1)and P53 are suggested as key molecules in mediating mtDNA repair in this study.In addition,exercise can promote mtDNA repair by regulating the classic base excision repair(BER)pathway through Sirt3-OGG1 and P53.This study also explored the possible mechanism of exercise stress on mtDNA repair and the pathway of mtDNA repair related molecules to mediate exercise adaptation,which is expected to provide new theoretical thoughts for further research.

关 键 词：线粒体DNA修复 线粒体质量控制 运动 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]