军事飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱10年回顾分析  

Disease spectrum of permanent grounding in military aircrews:a 10-year review

作　　者：崔丽 徐先荣 郑军 刘红巾 王军 付兆君 王星 于东睿 王建昌 CUI Li;XU Xianrong;ZHENG Jun;LIU Hongjin;WANG Jun;FU Zhaojun;WANG Xing;YU Dongrui;WANG Jianchang(Department of Sleep Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心睡眠医学科,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心航空生理训练鉴定研究室 [3]空军特色医学中心医学鉴定科 [4]空军特色医学中心医研部

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2021年第3期194-198,共5页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研重大项目(AKJ15J003、AKJ11J004)。

摘　　要：目的分析近10年军事飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱变化规律,为航空医学研究及卫勤保障方向提供临床数据支持。方法收集空军特色医学中心近10年医学鉴定结论为飞行不合格人员的临床资料,统计年龄、机种、医学停飞涉及科室及具体疾病,按飞行机种及任务不同分为高载荷机种飞行员组、低载荷机种飞行员组、低载荷机种空勤人员组,比较各组间年龄、涉及科室及具体疾病分布的不同。结果共收集366名医学停飞人员资料,其中低载荷机种飞行员组人数最多196例,占比53.55%,其次为高载荷机种飞行员组(111例,30.33%);医学停飞平均年龄(36.21±5.48)岁,3组间平均年龄差异有统计学意义(F=22.611,P<0.05),低载荷机种飞行员组平均年龄最轻,低载荷机种空勤人员组平均年龄最大。高载荷及低载荷机种飞行员医学停飞主要集中在35~39岁,低载荷机种空勤人员组主要集中在40~44岁;医学停飞最常涉及科室包括:精神心理科、神经内科、心血管内科、骨科及眼科,不同组间排序略有不同;最常见的医学停飞疾病包括:头痛、高血压、焦虑/抑郁状态、颈腰椎间盘病变、屈光不正,不同组间排序略有不同。结论近10年我军年均停飞人数较既往有下降,仍集中于35~39岁,精神心理性疾病有上升趋势,心血管系统、颈腰椎间盘病变以及航空环境相关疾病停飞明显下降,相应航卫保障应重视并及时转变。Objective To analyze the changes of disease spectra of medically grounded military aircrews over the past 10 years so as to provide clinical data for aviation medical support.Methods Such clinical data as age,aircraft types,related medical departments and specific diseases was collected of all the medically disqualified personnel who had been hospitalized in the Air Force Medical Center over the past 10 years.According to aircraft types and missions,these pilots were divided into three groups:the high performance aircraft aviator group,low performance aircraft aviator group and low performance aircraft aircrew group.The distribution of medical departments involved,specific diseases and age groups were compared between these groups.Results Among the 366 medically disqualified cases,the low performance aircraft aviators group accounted for 53.55%(196),followed by the high performance aircraft aviator group(30.33%).The average age was 36.21±5.48 years and there was significant difference between these groups(F=22.611,P<0.05).The average age of the low performance aircraft aviator group was the youngest,while that of the low performance aircraft aircrews was the oldest.Medically grounded aircrews were mostly aged 35 to 39 among high/low performance aviators,compared with 40 to 44 among low performance aircraft aircrews.The most common medical departments involved included those of psychiatry,neurology,cardiology,orthopedics and ophthalmology.The most common diseases that led to grounding included headache,hypertension,anxiety/depression,cervical and lumbar intervertebral disc lesions and ametropia.Conclusion The annual number of medically grounded aircrews has decreased.Most of the medically grounded aircrews range from 35 to 39 years old.Mental and psychological diseases are on the rise,while cardiological diseases,cervical/lumbar intervertebral disc diseases and aviation environment-related diseases are declining.All these changes should be addressed during aviation health support.

关 键 词：军事飞行人员 疾病谱 医学鉴定 

分 类 号：R856[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R851.3[医药卫生—临床医学]