叶片数对垂直轴风力机结冰分布影响风洞试验  

Wind tunnel test of blade number effect on icing distribution of vertical axis wind turbine

作　　者：沈贺 魏搏 姜禹 郭文峰[1,2] 李岩 SHEN He;WEI Bo;JIANG Yu;GUO Wenfeng;LI Yan(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin150030,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for Utilization of Agricultural Renewable Resources in Cold Region,Harbin150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]寒地农业可再生资源利用技术与装备黑龙江省重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2021年第4期67-72,共6页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51976029);新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学)开放课题(LAPS19009)。

摘　　要：风力机叶片表面结冰会降低其气动性能和发电效率。本文研究了旋转状态下叶片数对垂直轴风力机叶片表面结冰分布的影响;搭建了利用自然低温的结冰风洞试验系统;测试了3种叶片数(1、2、4)、3种尖速比(0.2、0.6、1.0)条件下的叶片结冰分布情况。结果表明:在不同尖速比下,叶片数对垂直轴风力机叶片表面结冰分布规律影响显著,叶片内外表面的结冰总体呈现非对称分布特点;随着叶片数增加,叶片表面冰层厚度呈先增后减的变化趋势;在叶片前缘弦长10%区域内,冰层厚度增幅显著大于叶片其他部位;随尖速比增大,叶片前缘冰层厚度显著大于叶片其他部位,叶片前缘内外表面的冰层厚度差值呈递增的变化趋势。研究结果可为风力机叶片防/除冰技术提供参考。Icing on the surface of wind turbine blades can reduce the turbine’s aerodynamic characteristics and power generation efficiency.In this paper,the effect of the number of blades on the icing distribution on the blade surface of a vertical axis wind turbine is studied.A natural low temperature icing wind tunnel experiment system was built to test the icing distribution of three groups of blades(1,2,4)under three tip speed ratios(0.2,0.6,1.0).The results show that the number of blades has a significant effect on the distribution of icing on the blade surface of the vertical axis wind turbine under different tip speed ratios,and the icing distribution on the inner and outer surfaces of the blade is asymmetric.With the increase of the number of blades,the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blades increases first and then decreases.In the 10%area at the leading edge of the chord,the increase of the thickness of the ice layer is significantly greater than that at other parts of the blade.With the increase of the tip speed ratio,the thickness of the ice layer on the leading edge of the blade is significantly larger than that at other parts of the blade,and the thickness difference of the ice layer between the inner and outer surface on the leading edge of the blade increases gradually.The research results can provide a reference for the anti-icing and de-icing technology of wind turbine blades.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机 结冰 风洞试验 叶片 尖速比 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]