不同氮肥用量和机插密度对盐粳15号农艺性状、产量及构成因素的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Transplanting Density on the Agronomic Traits,Yield and its Components of the Rice Variety Yangeng No.15

作　　者：陈伟 卫万娟 金彦刚 赵其兵 夏中华 任仰涛 李珍富 常东伟 杨永乐 刘海浪 CHEN Wei;WEI Wan-juan;JIN Yan-gang;ZHAO Qi-bing;XIA Zhong-hua;REN Yang-tao;LI Zhen-fu;CHANG Dong-wei;YANG Yong-le;LIU Hai-lang(Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏瑞华农业科技有限公司,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2021年第4期14-19,共6页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目[JATS(2020)280];宿迁市产业发展引导资金(现代农业)项目(L201901)。

摘　　要：为探明不同氮肥用量和机插密度对中熟中粳水稻新品种盐粳15号农艺性状、产量及构成因素的影响,于2020年在江苏省淮安市金湖县吕良镇江苏瑞华农业科技有限公司淮南试验站进行不同氮肥用量和机插密度的二因素裂区试验。结果表明:不同氮肥用量对盐粳15号的生育期、株高、产量及构成因素有显著的影响。随着氮肥用量的增加,盐粳15号的生育期延长,株高增高,高峰苗和有效穗数随之增加,但成穗率却随之减少,每穗总粒数先增加后减少,结实率降低,产量先升后降。不同机插密度对产量及构成因素有显著的影响,随着机插密度的增加,高峰苗和有效穗数随之增加,成穗率、每穗总粒数和结实率降低,产量先升后降。氮肥用量与机插密度之间有一定的互作效应。适当地增加机插密度可以弥补低氮水平下产量的损失,而在高氮水平下,机插密度应适度降低。综上,氮肥用量与机插密度分别为300 kg/hm^(2)和27.8万穴/hm^(2)时,盐粳15号生育期、株高适中,群体、穗粒结构协调,实现了最佳产量目标。This study was undertaken to explore the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates and transplanting seedling densities with a rice transplanter on the agronomic traits,and yield and its components on the medium-mature geng rice variety Yangeng No.15.Using a split-plot design,a field trial was conducted in 2020 in the field of Huainan Experimental Station of Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,LTD.located in Lvliang Township,Jinhu County,Huaian City,Jiangsu Province.The results showed that the growth period,plant height,and yield and its components of Yangeng No.15 were all significantly influenced by nitrogen fertilizer application rate.With increasing nitrogen application rate,the growth period was prolonged;the plant height,the number of peak seedlings,and the number of effective panicles all increased;but the heading rate decreased.With rising nitrogen application rate,the total grain number per panicle first increased and then decreased,the seed setting rate declined,and the yield first rose and then dropped.In addition,the yield and its components were significantly affected by transplanting density.With increasing transplanting density,the numbers of high-peak seedlings and effective panicles increased;but the heading rate,total grain number per panicle and seed setting rate all decreased;and the yield increased first and then decreased.Furthermore,there was a significant interaction between nitrogen application rate and machine-transplanting density.Increasing machine-transplanting density to a certain extent could make up the yield loss caused by a low nitrogen application rate,while under the condition of a high nitrogen application rate,the machine-transplanting density should be reduced moderately in order to attain a higher yield.Various tests in this study collectively indicate that the yield of Yangeng No.15 can be maximized under the following conditions:the nitrogen fertilizer application rate at 300 kg/hm^(2),the mechanical transplanting density at 278000 hill

关 键 词：氮肥用量 机插密度 盐粳15号 农艺性状 产量 产量因素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S35