无人机集群反制技术剖析  

Analysis of countermeasures against the UAV swarm

作　　者：谢海斌[1] 闫家鼎 庄东晔 王祥科 XIE Haibin;YAN Jiading;ZHUANG Dongye;WANG Xiangke(College of Intelligence Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学智能科学学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《国防科技》2021年第4期10-16,共7页National Defense Technology

基　　金：军事类研究生资助课题(JY2019B066)。

摘　　要：无人机集群作战具有作战效能高、战场生存能力强、效费比极高的巨大优势,将给传统防空系统带来巨大挑战。现有反无人机集群技术大多来源于反无人机技术,但反平台与反集群存在显著差异,必须针对无人机集群自身技战术特点,加强对精确/高效/低成本的集群反制技术研究。因此,本文以剖析无人机集群反制技术的可行性为出发点,首先,从反无人机集群作战视角,将无人机集群划分为无自主时空协同型(Ⅰ类)、半自主编组协同型(Ⅱ类)、全自主任务协同型(Ⅲ类)三种类型,明确Ⅱ类无人机集群为主要反制对象;其次,深入分析无人机集群的技术弱点与战术劣势,以此作为无人机集群反制技术可行性的关键切入点;最后,梳理出七大类有效的无人机集群反制技术,并对其可行性进行分析,以期为未来无人机集群反制技术发展方向提供参考。The combat swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) has significant advantages over traditional airpower in terms of combat effectiveness, battlefield retention, and cost effectiveness. It has posed a daunting challenge to traditional air defense systems in recent years. Anti-swarm techniques are significantly different from anti-platform techniques, but prevalent anti-swarm systems are primarily derived from anti-UAV systems. Thus, it is important to examine countermeasures against the UAV swarm based on its tactical characteristics. To analyze the feasibility of such countermeasures, this study classifies the UAV swarm into three types based on features of the anti-UAV combat swarm: non-autonomous spatio-temporal coordination(Type Ⅰ), semi-autonomous group coordination(Type Ⅱ), and fully autonomous mission coordination(Type Ⅲ). Type Ⅱ is the target of the proposed countermeasures, which are developed by examining the technical weaknesses and tactical disadvantages of the UAV swarm. Seven types of countermeasures against the UAV swarm are formulated and their feasibility is theoretically verified. The work here can provide a reference for the development of countermeasures against the UAV swarm.

关 键 词：反无人机集群 无人机集群分类 技战术弱点 技术可行性分析 

分 类 号：TJ99[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]