石墨烯增强尼龙复合材料的拉伸性能  

Research on tensile properties of graphene reinforced nylon composites

作　　者：张硕程 于音 程荣强 陈彩英 王维[2] 孟庆实 ZHANG Shuo-cheng;YU Yin;CHENG Rong-qiang;CHEN Cai-ying;WANG Wei;MENG Qing-shi(College of Aerospace Engineering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense of Aeronautical Digital Manufacturing Process,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空宇航学院,沈阳110136 [2]沈阳航空航天大学航空制造工艺数字化国家重点学科实验室,沈阳110136

出　　处：《沈阳航空航天大学学报》2021年第4期35-42,共8页Journal of Shenyang Aerospace University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:51973123)。

摘　　要：在聚合物复合材料领域中,填料的种类、添加量和分散程度严重影响复合材料的整体性能。作为一种具有优异力学、导电和导热等性能的新兴纳米材料,石墨烯是增强高分子复合材料的理想填料。尼龙即聚酰胺材料,具有比强度高、比刚度高、韧性好、价格低廉且应用领域广泛等特点。通过独创的甲酸-水-尼龙三元机械混合法将石墨烯纳米片均匀包裹在尼龙球形粉体表面,得到石墨烯增强尼龙复合材料,并通过热压成型的方式将其制成测试件,采用力学性能试验与电子显微镜对其进行分析与表征。结果表明在填量为0.1wt%时复合材料的力学性能表现最佳。其中拉伸极限达到46.51±2.29 MPa,断裂伸长率达到55.74±7.18%。随着石墨烯添加量继续增加,材料的杨氏模量缓慢增加但拉伸极限与断裂伸长率开始快速下降。In the field of polymer composite materials,the type,amount and dispersion of fillers have strong effects on the overall performance of composite materials.As an emerging nanomaterial with excellent mechanical,electrical and thermal properties,graphene is an ideal filler for reinforcing polymer composites.Nylon is a polyamide material,which has the characteristics of high specific strength,high specific stiffness,good toughness,low price and wide application fields.Graphenenanosheets were uniformly wrapped on the surface of nylon spherical powder through the original formic acid-water-nylon ternary mechanical mixing method to obtain graphene-reinforced nylon composite materials.Test pieces were made by hot pressing,and were analyzed and characterized by mechanical performance test and scanning electron microscope.The results show that the mechanical properties of the composite material perform best when the graphene loading is 0.1wt%.The tensile limit reaches 46.51±2.29 MPa,and the elongation at break reaches 55.74±7.18%.As the amount of graphene added continues to increase,the Young′s modulus of the material slowly increases,but the tensile limit and elongation at break begin to decline rapidly.

关 键 词：石墨烯 尼龙复合材料 包裹 热压成型 力学性能 

分 类 号：V255[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]