高粱与花生和大豆间作对其生物量及产量的影响  

Effects of Intercropping Sorghum with Peanut and Soybean on Biomass and Yield

作　　者：王颂宇 梁晓红 付婷婷 刘静[1] 南怀林 曹雄 WANG Songyu;LIANG Xiaohong;FU Tingting;LIU Jing;NAN Huailin;CAO Xiong(Institute of Economic Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University,Fenyang 032200,China;Agricultural Science Station of Beidi Township People's Government of Xiangyuan County,Xiangyuan 046200,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西汾阳032200 [2]襄垣县北底乡人民政府农科站,山西襄垣046200

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2021年第9期1071-1075,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-B10)。

摘　　要：为明确高粱/花生、高粱/大豆间作对作物生物量和经济产量的影响,设置8个处理(晋杂22单作(A)、晋杂34单作(B)、花生单作(C)、大豆单作(D)、晋杂22/花生=4∶8(E)、晋杂34/花生=4∶8(F)、晋杂22/大豆=4∶8(G)、晋杂34/大豆=4∶8(H)),分别于高粱拔节期、开花期、灌浆期和成熟期测定不同处理作物茎、叶生物量及成熟期经济产量,探讨高粱更合理有效的栽培模式,为有效增产的同时合理利用土地提供科学依据。结果表明,与相应单作相比,G处理的间作高粱的生物产量提高15.4%,其他处理的间作作物的生物产量均不同程度降低,F、H处理的间作高粱的生物产量分别比单作晋杂34降低2.9%、15.8%,但差异不显著。从成熟期不同部位的生物量看,晋杂22/大豆(G处理)显著增加了间作高粱茎的生物量,比单作显著提高18.8%;H处理间作高粱的单株茎、叶干物质量分别比单作晋杂34的茎、叶干物质量降低17.5%、13.6%;而F处理间作高粱的单株茎干物质量提高0.24%,叶干物质量降低7.2%;晋杂34/花生更有利于间作高粱生物量的积累。晋杂22/大豆的混合经济产量比单作高粱提高2.66%,晋杂22/花生的混合经济产量比单作高粱降低0.67%,晋杂34/大豆、晋杂34/花生的混合经济产量比单作晋杂34分别提高1.62%、0.36%。综合分析,晋杂34适宜与花生间作,晋杂22适宜与大豆间作。To clarify the effects of sorghum/peanut and sorghum/soybean intercropping on crop biomass and economic yield,a total of 8 treatments,Jinza 22 monoculture(A),Jinza 34 monoculture(B),peanut monoculture(C),soybean monoculture(D),Jinza 22/peanut=4∶8(E),Jinza 34/peanut=4∶8(F),Jinza 22/soybean=4∶8(G),Jinza 34/soybean=4∶8(H)were set.The stem and leaf biomass and economic yield of different treatments were measured at jointing stage,flowering stage,filling stage and maturity stage of sorghum,to explore a more reasonable and effective cultivation mode of sorghum,to provide a scientific basis for effective yield increase and rational land use.The results showed that compared with the corresponding monoculture,the biological yield of intercropping sorghum treated with G increased by 15.4%,the biomass of intercropping crops in other treatments decreased in varying degrees.The biomass of intercropping crops treated with F and H decreased by 2.9%and 15.8%,respectively,compared with that of single cropping Jinza 34,but the difference was not significant.From the biomass of different parts at maturity,Jinza 22/soybean(G)significantly increased the biomass of sorghum stems in intercropping,which was significantly higher than that in monoculture by 18.8%.The dry matter quality of stem and leaf of sorghum intercropped with H treatment was 17.5%and 13.6%lower than that of Jinza 34 alone,respectively.The dry matter quality of single plant stem with F treatment increased 0.24%,and the dry matter quality of leaf with F treatment reduced by 7.2%.Jinza 34/peanut was more conducive to the accumulation of sorghum biomass.The mixed economic yield of Jinza 22/soybean increased by 2.66%,that of Jinza 22/peanut decreased by 0.67%,and that of Jinza 34/soybean and Jinza 34/peanut increased by 1.62%and 0.36%,respectively.Comprehensive analysis showed that Jinza 34 was suitable for intercropping with peanut,and Jinza 22 was suitable for intercropping with soybean.

关 键 词：高粱 花生 大豆 间作 生物产量 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]