饲粮铁水平对肉仔鸡生长性能、 胴体性能及肉品质的影响  

Effect of dietary iron level on growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality of broilers

作　　者：宋丹 杨柳 邹亚学[1] 龙娟 王丽赛 廖秀东 张丽阳[2] 李素芬[1] 赵国先[3] 罗绪刚[2,4] SONG Dan;YANG Liu;ZOU Yaxue;LONG Juan;WANG Lisai;LIAO Xiudong;ZHANG Liyang;LI Sufen;ZHAO Guoxian;LUO Xugang(Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei Province 066004,China;Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei Province 071001,China;Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province225000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100093 [3]河北农业大学,河北保定071001 [4]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第17期70-74,共5页China Feed

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(C2018407065);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系蛋肉鸡产业创新团队(HBCT2018150203,HBCT2018150206);河北省特色动物种质资源挖掘与创新重点实验室(筹建);国家自然科学基金(31272465,3163000364);河北省鸡现代种业科技创新团队项目(21326303D)。

摘　　要：为研究饲粮缺铁或高铁对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响,试验一将216只爱拔益加(AA)肉公雏从1日龄开始随机分为3个处理组,分别饲喂不加铁玉米-豆粕基础饲粮(缺铁组)、添加铁100 mg/kg(正常铁组)或500 mg/kg(高铁组)饲粮至42日龄;试验二将144只AA肉公雏从22日龄开始随机分为3个处理组,分别饲喂上述三种饲粮至42日龄。结果显示:(1)全程饲喂高铁饲粮组日增重和日采食量较正常铁组显著降低(P<0.05),分别降低6.97%和8.64%。(2)全程饲喂缺铁或高铁饲粮组腹脂率较正常铁组降低22.5%和25.7%(P<0.05),且高铁组心脏指数较正常铁组提高20.5%。(3)与正常铁组相比,全程和后期饲喂缺铁饲粮组胸肌滴水损失分别提高22.7%和78.8%(P<0.05);全程饲喂高铁饲粮组胸肌和腿肌的b^(*)值分别提高32.2%和52.8%(P<0.05),腿肌a^(*)值提高53.4%(P<0.05)。后期饲喂高铁饲粮组胸肌a^(*)值提高43.1%(P<0.05),腿肌b^(*)值提高34.2%(P<0.05)。以上结果提示,全程饲粮高铁会降低肉仔鸡生长性能,全程或后期缺铁或高铁均会降低肉品质。Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of low or high dietary iron(Fe)level on growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality of broilers.In experiment 1,a total of 2161-day old AA male broilers were divided into 3 groups with six replicates in each group,and fed basal diet with non-iron supplemented(low Fe)or basal diet supplemented Fe as ferrous sulfate(FeSO4·7H2O)with 100 mg/kg(normal Fe)or 500 mg/kg(high Fe)for 42 days.In experiment 2,a total of 14422-day old AA male broilers were divided into 3 groups and fed the same experimental diets as in experiment 1 until to 42 days of age.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the normal Fe group,broilers fed diet with high dietary Fe for 42 days had decreased average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)by 6.97%and 8.64%(P<0.05),respectively.(2)Broilers fed diet with low or high dietary Fe from 1-day old had decreased abdominal fat percentage by 22.5%and 25.7%(P<0.05),respectively.Broilers fed diet with high dietary Fe from 1-day old had increased heart index by 20.5%(P<0.05).(3)Broilers fed diet with low dietary Fe from 1-or 22-day old had increased drip loss in both breast and thigh muscle by 22.7%and 78.8%(P<0.05),respectively.Broilers fed diet with high dietary Fe from 1-day old had higher b^(*)values in both breast and thigh muscle by 32.2%and 52.8%(P<0.05),respectively.Broilers fed diet with high dietary Fe from 1-day old had increased a^(*)values in thigh muscle by 53.4%(P<0.05).Broilers fed diet with high dietary Fe from 22-day old had increased a^(*)values in breast muscle by 43.1%and b^(*)values in thigh muscle by 34.2%(P<0.05),respectively.These results implied that high Fe diet from 1~42-day old could impair growth performance of broilers.Broilers fed low or high Fe diet either from 1-day old or 22-day old had poor meat quality.

关 键 词：铁 生长性能 胴体性能 器官指数 肉品质 肉仔鸡 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]