82例呼吸道感染患者的病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis on Pathogenic Bacteria Classification and Drug Resistance of 82 Respiratory Tract Infection Patients

作　　者：范夏女 FAN Xia-nü(Emergency Department of North Hospital,Yichun People’s Hospital,Yichun Jiangxi 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜春市人民医院北院急诊科,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《抗感染药学》2021年第6期801-804,共4页Anti-infection Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:分析82例呼吸道感染患者的病原菌分布及耐药性。方法:选取2019年10月—2020年10月医院收治的82例呼吸道感染患者资料,对痰液标本进行病原菌鉴定和药敏试验,分析呼吸道感染病原菌种类及构成比、主要革兰阳性菌和主要革兰阴性菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况。结果:82例呼吸道感染患者共检出178株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌97株(占54.49%),其中占比最高的为金黄色葡萄球菌,其次为肺炎链球菌,革兰阴性菌75株(占42.13%),其中占比最高的为铜绿假单胞菌,真菌6株(占3.37%),其中占比最高的为白假丝酵母;革兰阳性菌中对抗菌药物的耐药率相对较高的为肺炎链球菌,屎肠球菌对青霉素的耐药率较高,金黄色葡萄球菌对左氧氟沙星及青霉素耐药率相对较高;革兰阴性菌对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、氨苄西林和头孢曲松等抗菌药物均具有较高的耐药率。结论:呼吸道感染患者的常见病原菌为革兰阳性菌中的金黄色葡萄球菌,病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物具有一定的耐药性;临床治疗时需要掌握病原菌的分布及其耐药情况,针对性地予以治疗。Objective:To explore the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of 82 patients with respiratory tract infection.Methods:Data of 82 patients with respiratory tract infection admitted to author’s hospital from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected.Pathogenic bacteria identification and drug sensitivity detection were carried out on sputum samples.The species and proportion of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection,drug resistance rate of main gram positive bacteria and main gram negative bacteria to antibacterials were analyzed.Result:A total of 178 strains of pathogens were detected in 82 patients with respiratory tract infection,including 97 strains of gram positive bacteria(54.49%),in which Staphylococcus aureus accounted for the highest proportion,followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae;75 strains of gram negative bacteria(42.13%)were detected,in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for the highest proportion;6 strains of fungi(3.37%)were detected,in which Candida albicans accounted for the highest proportion.Among the gram positive bacteria,Streptococcus pneumoniae showed higher drug resistance to antibacterial agents.Enterococcus faecium showed high drug resistance to penicillin.Staphylococcus aureus showed relatively high drug resistance to levofloxacin and penicillin.Gram negative bacteria showed high drug resistance to gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,ampicillin and ceftriaxone.Conclusion:The common pathogenic bacteria of patients with respiratory tract infection are Staphylococcus aureus(gram positive bacteria),and pathogenic bacteria showed certain resistance to commonly used antibacterials in clinical practice.It is necessary to explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in clinical treatment,so as to give target treatment.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 病原菌检验 临床分类 耐药性 

分 类 号：R915[医药卫生—微生物与生化药学] R969.3[医药卫生—药学]