中国部分地区孕产妇健康知识知晓状况及影响因素分析  

Awareness of maternal health knowledge and its influencing factors among pregnant women in some regions of China

作　　者：李月竹 宋波[1] 狄江丽[1] 杨琦[1] LI Yue-zhu;SONG Bo;DI Jiang-li(National Center for Women and Children's Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第7期1143-1148,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会(501 Health,Nutrition and WASH)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国不同地区孕产妇健康知识知晓情况,分析孕产妇健康知识知晓的影响因素,为进一步开展针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法于2019年12月—2020年5月,通过方便抽样方法,选择在东部、中部和西部地区部分县级妇幼保健机构进行产检或分娩的2599名孕产妇,对其进行问卷调查。结果调查地区孕产妇健康知识知晓率为31.36%。城市户籍孕产妇知晓率(34.41%)高于农村户籍(29.37%),东部地区孕产妇知晓率(41.57%)高于中部(28.08%)和西部(26.38%),不同地区和城乡之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。医护人员咨询(66.67%)、新媒体(57.60%)是最常见的孕产妇获取健康知识的途径。logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥41岁、初产妇、高中及以上学历、通过多种途径获取知识以及居住于东部地区是影响孕产妇健康知识知晓的保护因素,经产妇、初中及以下学历、无业、通过单一途径获取知识、居住于中部和西部地区为孕产妇健康知识知晓的危险因素。结论调查地区孕产妇健康知识知晓水平较低,孕产妇的年龄、生育情况、文化程度、职业、所在地区以及知识获取途径是其主要影响因素;应针对不同人群特点开展多层次、多渠道的专业性健康教育服务。Objective To examine the awareness of maternal health knowledge and its influencing factors among pregnant women in different regions of China for providing evidences to conduct targeted health education in the population.Methods With convenient sampling,we recruited 2599 pregnant women having antenatal examination or hospitalization for childbirth at six county-level maternal and child health institutions in the eastern,central and western regions of China and conducted an on-site mobile-based survey using a self-designed questionnaire from December 2019 to May 2020.Results The awareness rate of maternal health knowledge was 31.36%for all the participants.The awareness rate(34.41%)of the participants with urban household registration was higher than that(29.37%)of the participants with rural household registration and the participants in the eastern region reported a higher awareness rate than those in the central and the western regions(41.57%vs.28.08%and 26.38%);all the differences in the awareness rate were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Medical staff consultation and new media were the most common ways of acquiring health knowledge,which were reported by 66.67%and 57.60%of the participants.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that aged 41 years and above,being a primipara,with the education of senior high school or above,acquiring the knowledge through multiple ways,and living in the eastern region were the promoting factors for the awareness on maternal health knowledge;while the hindering factors included having childbirth experience,with the education of junior high school and below,being unemployment,acquiring the knowledge through a single way,and living in the central or western regions were hindering factors.Conclusion Among pregnant women in some regions of China,the knowledge level of maternal health is low and influenced mainly by age,fertility,education,occupation,living region,and ways of knowledge acquisition.The results suggest that multi-level and multi-channel professiona

关 键 词：孕产妇 健康知识 知识知晓 影响因素 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]