论海洋法中历史性权利构成要件之“持续行使管辖权”的涵义  

On the"Continuous Exercise of Jurisdiction"of the Historic Rights in the Law of the Sea

作　　者：冯寿波 Feng Shoubo(School of Law and Public Affairs,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学法政学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期21-27,共7页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“南海历史性权利问题及所谓‘南海仲裁案’之后中国的应对研究”(17BFX142)。

摘　　要：“持续行使管辖权”是海洋法中历史性权利构成要件之一,直接关系着历史性权利确立与否,然而,对于持续期间长度与频度问题,尚存在较大分歧。历史性权利行使的有效性包括管辖权行使的持续期间和强度等。历史性权利行使的“持续性”长度应足以便于其他国家知晓该权利主张。尽管尚无确定的期间长度,但一般认为该期间应足够长或相当长。在较长期间内持续行使国家权力或管辖权是该国对海域或陆地有效行使管辖权的具体体现。没有必要规定确切的时间长度以确立历史性所有权所必须依据的惯例。基于历史性权利自身的特点与性质,其构成要件中的管辖权持续行使的长度与频度应依个案情况确定,难以作出统一规定,相关“惯例”的确立可意味着历史性权利的形成与确立。"Continuous exercise of jurisdiction"is one of the constituent elements of historic rights in the law of the sea,which is directly related to the establishment of historic rights.However,there are still great differences in the length and frequency of its duration.The validity of the exercise of historic rights includes the duration and intensity of the exercise of jurisdiction.The length of the continuous exercise of the historic rights should be sufficient for other states to be aware of the claim and,although the length of the period has not yet been determined,it is generally considered to be long enough or considerable.The continuous exercise of state power or jurisdiction over a longer period of time is a concrete manifestation of a country's effective exercise of jurisdiction over sea areas or land.It is not necessary to indicate an exact length of time in order to establish the practices on which historic ownership must be based.Based on the characteristics and nature of the historic right itself,the length and frequency of the continuous exercise of jurisdiction in its constituent elements should be determined according to the case,and it is difficult to make uniform provisions.The establishment of relevant practices can mean the formation and establishment of historic rights.

关 键 词：历史性权利 构成要件 管辖权 持续性 频度 

分 类 号：DF938[政治法律—国际法学]