西瓜枯萎病多功能生防细菌的筛选和抗病效果  

Screening of multifunctional biocontrol bacterium against watermelon Fusarium wilt and its effect on disease control

作　　者：李晋 普倩 张帅帅 曾国红 胡秀芳[1] LI Jin;PU Qian;ZHANG Shuaishuai;ZENG Guohong;HU Xiufang(College of Life Sciences and Medicine,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生命科学与医药学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第5期685-690,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：浙江省重点研发项目(2020C02030)。

摘　　要：由尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum,FON)侵染引起的西瓜枯萎是一种毁灭性的土传病害,利用有益微生物是生产上防治西瓜枯萎病最具潜力的方法。采用耐酸耐盐培养基和平板对峙法筛选出一株既耐酸耐盐,又能拮抗西瓜枯萎病原菌的多功能生防菌株ZJT2,对其耐酸耐盐活性及抗病效果进行测定,并进一步对其进行分子鉴定。结果表明:菌株ZJT2可耐受pH值为4.0、NaCl质量分数为11%的培养条件,且在正常土壤中该菌株对西瓜枯萎病原菌的防治效果高达100%;在设施土壤(酸化和盐渍化土壤)中该菌株对西瓜枯萎病原菌的防治效果高达67%;16S rDNA鉴定表明菌株ZJT2与暹罗芽孢杆菌(Bacillus siamensis)具有很高的遗传相似性,同源性为99%。多功能生防菌株ZJT2有望成为酸化及盐渍化土壤中西瓜枯萎病生物防治的新材料。Watermelon Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum(FON)is a devastating soil-borne disease,and beneficial microorganisms are the most potential method for controlling watermelon Fusarium wilt in production.A multifunctional biocontrol strain ZJT2,which was both acid-resistant and salt-resistant,and antagonistic to watermelon wilt pathogen,was screened out by acid-resistant and salt-resistant medium and plate confrontation method,its acid-resistant and salt-resistant activity and disease resistance were tested,and it was further molecularly identified.The results showed that the strain ZJT2 could tolerate the culture conditions with a pH value of 4.0 and a NaCl content of 11%,and the control effect of strain on watermelon wilt pathogen in normal soil was as high as 100%.And the control effect in greenhouse soil(acidified and salinized soil)was up to 67%.The 16 S rDNA identification indicated that the strain ZJT2 had high genetic similarity with Bacillus siamensis and their homology was 99%.The multifunctional biocontrol strain ZJT2 is expected to become a new material to control watermelon Fusarium wilt in acidified and salinized soils in a biological manner.

关 键 词：西瓜枯萎病原菌 多功能生防菌 抗病效果 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]