运动员心理紧张问卷中文版的修订及信效度评价  

Revision and validation of Chinese version of athlete psychological strain questionnaire

作　　者：谈晨皓 尹峻[1] 曹国欢 邱俊[1] 赵德峰[1] TAN Chen-hao;YIN Jun;CAO Guo-huan;QIU Jun;ZHAO De-feng(Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science(Shanghai Anti-doping Agency),Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第16期2887-2891,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19dz1200700);上海市体育科技项目(21T001)。

摘　　要：目的对运动员心理紧张问卷(Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire,APSQ)进行中文版修订,检验其信度和效度并提供筛查用临界值。方法选取850名专业运动员,其中406名运动员(样本1)用于条目分析与探索性因素分析,406名运动员(样本2)用于验证性因素分析,33名运动员(样本3)间隔2周重测。以简易心理状况评定量表(Kessler 10-item Questionnaire,Kessler-10)与沃里克-爱丁堡积极心理健康量表(Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale,WEMWBS)作为效标工具,根据Kessler-10计算APSQ临界值。结果中文版APSQ共10个条目,探索性因素分析得到自我调节、表现和外部应对三个因子,各条目因子载荷介于0.43~0.83,解释58.60%的方差变异;验证性因素分析结果显示模型拟合良好(χ^(2)/v=2.35,GFI=0.97,AGFI=0.94,RMSEA=0.06,CFI=0.96,NFI=0.93,IFI=0.96);问卷总分与Kessler-10和WEMWBS有显著的正相关(r=0.70,P<0.001)与负相关(r=-0.58,P<0.001));总量表的Cronbachα为0.81,三个因子依次为0.72、0.72、0.58;总量表重测信度(ICC)为0.83,三个因子分别为0.82、0.75、0.91;根据Kessler-10得到的APSQ临界值为22。结论中文版运动员心理紧张问卷具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为运动员心理健康问题筛查和监控工具。Objective To revise the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire(APSQ)and test its reliability,validity and cut-off points in Chinese athletes.Methods Totally 850 professional athletes participated in the study.Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis(EFA)were conducted with a sample consisted of 406 athletes;confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)was conducted with another sample which also consisted of 406 athletes;33 athletes were retested for test-retest reliability with two weeks interval.The criterion validity was tested with the Kessler-10 and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale(WEMWBS).The cut-off points of APSQ were calculated with Kessler-10.Results EFA found three factors named selfregulation,performance and external coping,which accumulatively explained 58.60%of the total variance.The factor loadings of items were between 0.43 and 0.83.The result of CFA showed that the fitting index of three-factor model was good(χ^(2)/df=2.35,GFI=0.97,AGFI=0.94,RMSEA=0.06,CFI=0.96,NFI=0.93,IFI=0.96).The total score of APSQ was positively correlated with Kessler-10(r=0.70,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with WEMWBS(r=-0.58,P<0.001).The Cronbach’sαcoefficient of whole scale was 0.81,and the Cronbach’sαcoefficients of three factors were 0.72,0.72 and0.58 separately.The retest reliability of whole scale was 0.83,and the retest reliabilities of three factors were 0.82,0.75,0.91 separately.The cut-off point of APSQ was 22.Conclusion The Chinese version of Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire has good validity and reliability and can be used to screen or monitor the mental health of Chinese athletes.

关 键 词：心理紧张 运动员 问卷修订 临界值 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学] B841.7[文化科学—体育学]