三级甲等医院门诊护士感知压力、心理资本与工作投入的相关性研究  

Correlation of perceived stress,psychological capital and work engagement among outpatient nurses in top tertiary general hospitals

作　　者：徐焕利 李黎[2] 高会莹 周倩[2] 王香入 高西美[1] XU Huanli;LI li;GAO Huiying;ZHOU Qian;WANG Xiangru;GAO Ximei(International Medical Department of Qilu Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China;Nursing Theory and Innovation Research Center,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院国际医疗部,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学护理理论与创新研究中心,山东济南250012

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2021年第4期376-381,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(面上项目)(81970522)。

摘　　要：目的调查三级甲等医院门诊护士工作投入现状及其影响因素,分析感知压力、心理资本与工作投入之间的关系。方法采用便利抽样法选取山东省4家综合性三级甲等医院的318名门诊护士,通过一般资料调查表、Utrecht工作投入量表、感知压力量表和心理资本问卷进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析工作投入的影响因素及心理资本在感知压力与工作投入中的中介作用。结果 318名门诊护士工作投入得分为(59.77±21.08)分,感知压力得分为(19.02±5.92)分,心理资本得分为(92.34±13.89)分。心理资本在感知压力及工作投入之间存在部分中介作用。多元线性回归分析结果显示:门诊护士年龄每增加1个层级,其工作投入得分平均增加3.661分;感知压力每增加1分,工作投入得分平均减少0.318分;自我效能、希望、乐观维度每增加1分,工作投入得分各平均增加0.656、0.960、2.249分(P<0.01)。结论该4家医院门诊护士处于中等工作投入水平,感知压力既可以直接影响门诊护士工作投入的水平,也可间接通过心理资本影响工作投入的水平。管理者可通过降低门诊护士的感知压力、增强心理资本等措施,提高门诊护士工作投入水平。Objective To investigate the situation and influencing factors of work engagement among outpatient nurses in top tertiary general hospitals and analyze the relationship between perceived stress,psychological capital and work engagement.Methods Totally 318 outpatient nurses in four top tertiary general hospitals in Shandong Province were selected with convenient sampling method. Data were collected by using the general data questionnaire,the Chinese version of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale,the Perceived Stress Scale and Psychological Capital Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of work engagement and the mediating role of psychological capital in perceived stress and work engagement. Results The outpatient nurses had the work engagement score of(59.77 ± 21.08),perceived stress score of(19.02 ± 5.92)and psychological capital score of(92.34 ± 13.89). Psychological capital played a partial mediating role between perceived stress and job involvement. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the average score of work engagement increased by 3.661 points for each level of outpatient nurses’ age,while decreased by 2.316 points for every 1 point increase of perceived stress. The scores of work engagement increased by0.656,0.960,0.422 and 2.249 respectively for each increase of 1 point in the dimensions of self-efficacy,hope,resilience and optimism(P<0.01). Conclusions The work engagement of outpatient nurses was at a medium level. Perceived stress either directly affects work engagement,or indirectly affects work engagement through psychological capital. Administrators should reduce perceived stress and enhance psychological capital to improve work engagement among outpatient nurses.

关 键 词：工作投入 感知压力 心理资本 门诊护士 

分 类 号：B845.66[哲学宗教—心理学]