云南两个县陆稻稻瘟病菌稻巨座壳交配型测定及致病性分析  

Determination of mating type and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae isolates collected from upland rice of two counties of Yunnan,Southwest China

作　　者：董丽英[1] 周伍民 刘树芳[1] 赵秀兰 杨子林 李秋阳 李迅东[1] 杨勤忠[1] DONG Li-Ying;ZHOU Wu-Min;LIU Shu-Fang;ZHAO Xiu-Lan;YANG Zi-Lin;LI Qiu-Yang;LI Xun-Dong;YANG Qin-Zhong(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource Research,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pest of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan 650504,China;Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County,Lincang,Yunnan 677400,China;Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Lincang City,Lincang,Yunnan 677400,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所/云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]云南大学农学院,云南昆明650504 [3]沧源佤族自治县植保植检站,云南临沧677400 [4]临沧市植保植检站,云南临沧677400

出　　处：《菌物学报》2021年第8期2056-2064,共9页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560493);云南省创新团队计划(202005AE160003)。

摘　　要：2014年,自云南省沧源县及耿马县陆稻地方品种上分离99个稻瘟病菌稻巨座壳单孢菌株,采用4个已知交配型的标准菌株对其进行育性和交配型测定。结果表明,两地稻巨座壳菌株具较高的育性,平均可交配率高达90.8%,且可育菌株中,MAT1-1和MAT1-2菌株分别占60.9%和39.1%;分别随机对沧源县南撒村和班考村同一田块MAT1-1型和MAT1-2型可育两性菌株进行交配,均能发育形成成熟的子囊孢子,说明该陆稻地区稻巨座壳菌的可育菌株数量丰富,且于适宜条件极有可能产生有性世代;利用22个以丽江新团黑谷为背景、持有不同抗稻瘟病基因的单基因系对分离的99个稻巨座壳菌株的致病性进行测定,明确了不同菌株的致病性,且发现Pik-h、Piz-t、Pi5及Pi9基因表现出良好的抗性,平均抗病频率达到90.0%以上、是抗病育种的优异抗原;同时,菌株对特定抗性基因致病性的明确,也为选用不同菌株的组合开展有性杂交,构建遗传群体开展稻巨座壳菌无毒基因的克隆鉴定奠定了基础。Fertility and mating types of ninety-nine isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae collected from the traditional upland rice varieties in Cangyuan and Gengma counties of Yunnan were tested with four standard tested isolates in 2014.The results showed that the fertility of M.oryzae isolates from these two areas was very high,with the average mating rate of 90.8%.Among the fertile isolates,MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 accounted for 60.9%and 39.1%respectively.The mature ascospores could be produced when crosses were made between the fertile isolates with opposite mating type randomly collected from the same field of Nansa village or Bankao village in Cangyuan County,indicating that the fertile isolates of M.oryzae were very abundant in these upland rice areas,and it was very likely to form perfect stage under suitable conditions.The pathogenicity of 99 M.oryzae isolates detected by using 22 monogenic lines showed that the monogenic lines carrying Pik-h,Piz-t,Pi5 and Pi9,expressed high level of resistance against blast,with an average resistance frequency of more than 90.0%of all tested isolates.The four genes could be the elite germplasm resources for disease-resistant rice breeding.The isolates with high fertility and definite pathogenicity responding to specified resistance genes could be served as the important resources to construct genetic populations for identification and cloning of avirulence genes of M.oryzae.

关 键 词：陆稻地方品种 稻巨座壳菌 有性世代 致病性 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]