海洋运动对台风过境全过程水平风速特性的影响  

Effects of ocean movement on the horizontal wind speed characteristics throughout a typhoon landing process

作　　者：员亦雯 柯世堂[1,2] 王硕[1,2] 赵永发 杜琳 张伟[1] YUN Yiwen;KE Shitang;WANG Shuo;ZHAO Yongfa;DU Lin;ZHANG Wei(Department of Civil and Airport Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Wind Turbine Design,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学土木与机场工程系,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学江苏省风力机设计高技术研究重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2021年第4期153-161,共9页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0132000,2019YFB1503701);国家自然科学基金(51761165022,52078251)。

摘　　要：现行台风模型大多采用基于有限实测数据修正的工程经验模型,忽略了波浪、海流等海洋运动与其水平风速之间的实时耦合作用。为揭示海洋运动对台风过境全过程的影响机制,基于MCT耦合器,采用中尺度WRF大气模型、第三代浅海海浪SWAN模型以及三维水动力FVCOM模型,建立了大气-海洋-海浪(W-S-F)的实时耦合模拟平台。在此基础上,模拟了台风“莫兰蒂”过境全过程海洋环境时空演变,对比分析了W-S-F耦合平台与非耦合WRF模式下台风过境全过程的差异性,最终提炼出海洋运动对水平风速特性的影响规律。结果表明:本文提出的W-S-F耦合平台可以准确模拟考虑海洋运动的台风过境全过程风速场;低空处海洋运动促进台风水平风速发展,且随高度增加影响逐渐减小,高空处海洋运动对台风水平风速产生抑制作用,且这种消耗随高度增大而加强;在台风整个发展周期,海洋运动对低空台风强度的影响呈现先促进后抑制规律,随着高度增加逐渐形成相反特点。Existing engineering empirical models for typhoon wind fields are corrected based on limited measured data and does not take the real-time coupling between the ocean movements(e.g.wave and ocean current)and the horizontal wind speed into account.To explore the influence of ocean movement on the whole typhoon landing process,an atmosphere-sea-wave(W-S-F)real-time coupling simulation platform was developed based on the MCT coupler by integrating the mesoscale WRF atmospheric model,the third generation of shallow sea wave SWAN model,and the three-dimensional hydrodynamic FVCOM model.On this basis,the spatial and temporal evolutions of marine environment throughout the whole landing process of typhoon“Meranti”were simulated.Next,differences between the W-S-F coupling platform and the decoupled WRF model throughout the typhoon landing process were analyzed regarding the pneumatic structure,vertical wind shear,heat flux,and friction velocity.Finally,effects of the ocean movement on horizontal wind speed characteristics and action mechanism were extracted.Results demonstrate that the proposed W-S-F coupling platform can simulate the wind field throughout the typhoon landing process with considerations of the ocean movement.At low-altitude spaces,ocean movement can promote typhoon horizontal wind speed,but this influence diminishes gradually with the increase of height.However,at high-altitude spaces,ocean movement inhibits the typhoon horizontal wind speed and such consumption is strengthened as a function of height.

关 键 词：台风 海洋运动 W-S-F实时耦合平台 水平风速特性 影响机理 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程] TK81[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]