钻孔爆破炮孔孔壁压力计算模型  

Calculation Model of Blasthole Pressure

作　　者：张馨[1,2] 孙金山 张湘平 贾永胜[2,3] 姚颖康 ZHANG Xin;SUN Jin-shan;ZHANG Xiang-ping;JIA Yong-sheng;YAO Ying-kang(China Railway 18 Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;The State Key Laboratory of Fine Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十八局集团有限公司,天津300222 [2]江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室,武汉430056 [3]江汉大学精细爆破省部共建国家重点实验室,武汉430056

出　　处：《爆破》2021年第3期1-5,共5页Blasting

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA084);湖北省自科基金重点项目(2020CFA043)。

摘　　要：针对钻孔爆破数值模拟过程中炮孔孔壁压力取值较为复杂的问题,通过分析炸药爆轰过程以及爆破介质的破坏和运动过程,构建了孔壁压力的简化计算模型。该模型将爆破过程分为4个阶段:炸药爆轰炮孔升压、炮孔初步弹性膨胀、孔壁裂纹张开且气体流入、介质剥离抛掷且气体逸出。通过简化分析介质的爆破破坏过程,分别确定了各阶段的持续时间。通过简化分析爆炸气体体积的变化,并基于理想气体状态方程,分别确定了各阶段孔壁压力随时间变化的数学函数。通过现场实验结果对计算模型进行了验证,计算结果与实验结果吻合情况良好。该计算模型考虑了多种因素对爆破过程的影响,又未引入难以确定的系数,方便实际应用,可用于理论分析或数值模拟中爆破荷载的取值。To calculate the blasthole pressure in the numerical simulation of blasting,a simplified calculation model was propsed by analyzing the explosive detonation process and the dynamic fracture process of blasted medium.In this model,the blasting process is divided into four stages:the pressure rising,the initial elastic expansion,the crack opening and gas inflow,and the medium stripping and throwing and gas escaping.By analyzing the blasting process,the approximate duration of each stage is determined respectively.By analyzing the change of explosive gas volume and based on the state equation of ideal gas,the time history function of blasthole pressure in each stage is determined.The calculation model is verified by field experiment results and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.The model takes into account the influence of many factors on the blasting process,,but without the coefficient which is difficult to determine.It can be used to determine the blasting load in theoretical analysis or numerical simulation.

关 键 词：爆破 炮孔 爆破荷载 孔壁压力 力学模型 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]