钻孔爆破炮孔堵塞长度分析  

Analysis of Stemming Length of Borehole in Blasting

作　　者：张艳军 陈岩武 雷美荣 张东让 ZHANG Yan-jun;CHEN Yan-wu;LEI Mei-rong;ZHANG Dong-rang(Building and Surveying and Mapping Engineering College,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037003,China;Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037003,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学建筑与测绘工程学院,大同037003 [2]山西大同大学机电工程学院,大同037003 [3]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《爆破》2021年第3期45-49,129,共6页Blasting

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0492);大同市重点工业研发计划项目(2018027)。

摘　　要：为了考察钻孔爆破炮孔合适的堵塞长度及应力波在孔内传播规律,采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法对炮孔堵塞机理进行分析,在基本假设的基础上,通过对堵塞物动力学规律研究,并考虑了堵塞物的压缩变形,建立了堵塞长度的计算模型并验证了其合理性。通过有限元分析软件建立区域尺寸为1.5 m×1.5 m,炮孔深度为0.62 m,孔径为0.04 m的力学模型,模拟了孔底矩形连续耦合装药时,堵塞长度为0.35 m时的单孔爆炸应力云图及炮孔底部和临空面处的动力响应曲线。结果表明:应力波以球面波的形式向外传播,炮孔装药中心区域最先出现应力,而且应力最大,应力波经过反射叠加最终释放。炮孔底部的应力在极短时间迅速达到峰值,然后上下震荡,逐渐在某一值上趋于稳定。炸药爆炸产生的应力波在很小一段时间后传到临空面,临空面应力迅速达到峰值,然后迅速下降直至应力波全部释放。该方法可以为炮孔堵塞分析提供参考,并应用于煤矿炮掘工作面爆破分析中。In order to investigate the appropriate stemming length of borehole in blasting and the propagation law of stress wave in the borehole,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to analyze the mechanism of the borehole stemming mechanism.On the basis of the basic hypothesis,a calculation model of the stemming length was established by studying the stemming dynamics and compression deformation of the stemming.Furthermore,the rationality of this model was verified.To simulate the explosion stress nephogram of the single hole and dynamic response curve at the bottom of the blasthole and free face of the blasthole with a stemming length of 0.35 m when rectangular coupling charge at the bottom of the continuously coupled hole,a mechanical model with a regional size of 1.5 m×1.5 m,a hole depth of 0.62 m and a hole diameter of 0.04 m was established by using the finite element analysis software.The results show that the stress wave propagates outward in the form of spherical wave,and the stress appears first in the center area of the blasthole charge and reaches the maximum.The stress wave is finally released after reflection and superposition.Especially,the stress at the bottom of the hole reaches its peak rapidly in a very short time,then oscillates up and down,and gradually stabilizes at a certain value.It is a very short period of time for the stress wave caused by the explosion that reaches the free face.However,the stress on the free face reaches the peak value quickly,and then decreases rapidly until the stress wave is released completely.This method can provide reference for the analysis of blasthole stemming and be applied in blasting analysis of coal mine blasting face.

关 键 词：钻孔爆破 炮孔 堵塞机理 堵塞长度 ANSYS/LS-DYNA 

分 类 号：TD235.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]