加计扣除对上市公司真实盈余管理行为的影响--基于R&D操纵的视角  

The Impact of the Additional Deduction Policy on the Real Earnings Management Behavior of Listed Companies--Based on the Perspective of R&D Manipulation

作　　者：贺亚楠 杨紫琼 郝盼盼 He Yanan;Yang Ziqiong;Hao Panpan(School of Accounting,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学会计学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2021年第9期52-61,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“企业‘寻扶持’视角下研发费用加计扣除政策调整效果研究”(19CGL015)。

摘　　要：本文从R&D费用操纵的角度,以2008—2018年中国A股上市公司为样本,探究加计扣除政策对企业真实盈余管理行为的影响。结果显示:该政策在一定程度上会导致企业增加异常性R&D费用进行真实盈余管理,表现出向上的R&D操纵。进一步研究发现,当2018年R&D费用加计扣除比例提高后,企业向上进行R&D费用操纵的程度有所增加;区分异常性R&D费用是否大于0的样本后,加计扣除政策的效果较为复杂,对于异常性R&D费用大于0的企业,该政策加剧了其进行向上R&D操纵行为,对于异常性R&D费用小于0的企业,则抑制了其人为减少R&D费用的程度,表现出积极的政策效果;除此之外,相比于高新技术企业,非高新技术企业向上的R&D操纵程度更强。本文的结论可以为政府完善R&D费用加计扣除政策提供参考性意见,确保该政策真正激励企业的创新活动。This paper examines the impact of R&D expenses additional deduction policy on real earnings management behavior from the perspective of R&D manipulation,taking China s A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2018 as a sample.The results show that,to a certain extent,this policy will cause enterprises to increase abnormal R&D expenses for real earnings management,showing upward R&D manipulation.The further study found that when the proportion of R&D expenses additional deductions increased in 2018,the degree of enterprises upward manipulation of R&D expenses increased.After distinguishing whether abnormal R&D expenses are greater than zero,the effect of the additional deduction policy is more complicated.For enterprises with abnormal R&D expenses greater than zero,this policy exacerbated their upward R&D manipulation,while for enterprises with abnormal R&D costs less than zero,the degree of artificial reduction of R&D expenses is restrained which was showing a positive policy effect.In addition,compared with high-tech enterprises,non-high-tech enterprises have a stronger degree of upward R&D manipulation.The conclusions of this article can provide some references for the government to improve the policy of R&D expenses additional deduction,and ensure that the policy really stimulates the innovation activities of enterprises.

关 键 词：R&D费用加计扣除 R&D操纵 真实盈余管理 

分 类 号：F233[经济管理—会计学] F223[经济管理—国民经济]