港珠澳大桥钢结构制造策划与实践  

Practice and Considerations on Steel Structure Manufacturing of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

作　　者：高文博 张劲文 苏权科 刘吉柱 Wenbo Gao;Jinwen Zhang;Quanke Su;Jizhu Liu(Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Authority,Zhuhai 519000,China;Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou 510000,China;Shenzhong Link Manegement Centre,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]港珠澳大桥管理局,广东珠海519000 [2]广州航海学院,广州510000 [3]深中通道管理中心,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《钢结构（中英文）》2021年第6期1-23,共23页Steel Construction（Chinese & English）

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAG07B04);国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1600700);广东省重点项目研发计划(2019B111106001)。

摘　　要：港珠澳大桥连接粤港澳三地,全长55 km,是目前世界上最长的跨海大桥,综合考虑大桥高温、高湿、高盐、多风的外海建设运营环境、桥位航线密集和阻水率要求、不同的标准体系、120年设计使用寿命和环保要求等建设条件限制,最终选择了钢结构桥梁作为主选桥型。大桥钢结构桥梁总长约22.9 km,用钢量42.5万t,是目前国内外建设规模最大、设计使用寿命最长的海上钢结构长桥,大桥钢结构制造充满了挑战。为了应对挑战,港珠澳大桥在项目初期开展了国内外钢结构制造行业深度调研,重点研究了计算机辅助设计、自动化制造、检测技术、施工管理方面的国内外差距和改进方向。经过分析发现,当时的钢结构制造加工水平无法保障在48个月的制造周期内优质高效地完成42.5万t钢结构制造。为此,大桥开展了系统性的制造模式转型升级和管理创新策划,包括:钢箱梁板单元制造自动化智能化,钢箱梁总拼和涂装车间工业化,检测手段全覆盖,项目管理扁平化、国际化,制造加工信息化管理等,成功实现了港珠澳大桥桥梁钢结构制造综合创新体系的构建和运行,高质量完成了大桥钢结构制造,也取得了丰富的技术成就,主要有:建成首条板单元自动化生产线,首次实现大节段工厂化总拼与机械化涂装,首次形成U肋角焊缝PUAT技术标准,采用了群焊信息管理系统,形成大节段海上安装与控制技术,开展了可达可检可维护设计,开展了优质优价和港澳质量顾问等项目管理创新等。最后基于港珠澳大桥的实践经验,提出关于中国钢结构桥梁行业发展的思考和建议。通过港珠澳大桥钢结构制造的策划和实践可以看出:1)标准化、工厂化、大型化生产要求,促进了钢结构各施工环节的工艺创新;机械化、自动化、信息化技术的应用,提升了钢结构加工企业的总体制作能力和管理水平。2)海上�The 55-km-long Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB) is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge,connecting Hong Kong with Zhuhai and Macao at the mouth of the Pearl River Estuary in China.Due to the construction constraints such as high temperature,high humidity,high salt and windy offshore environment,dense sea routes,low obstruction rate of the water flow,life cycle cost,durability,and so on,the steel structure bridge,as the preferable bridge type,is the most reasonable choice for HZMB.The total length of the steel structure bridge of HZMB is about 22.9 km and the steel consumption is 425 000 t,and it is the largest scale and the longest designed service life at home and abroad,therefore,the manufacturing of the steel structure of this bridge is full of challenges.To meet this challenge,at the beginning of the project,the HZMB management team conducted an in-depth investigation of the steel structure manufacturing industry at home and abroad,focusing on the gaps in computeraided design,automatic manufacturing,detection technology,and construction management between domestic and foreign,and seeking for improvement methods.At that time,the steel structure manufacturing and processing level of China could not complete the manufacturing of 425 000 t of steel structures with high quality and efficiency within 48 months.To this end,the management team carried out the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing model and the innovative planning of the management model,including the automation and intellectualization of steel plate element manufacturing,industrialization of assembly and painting workshop,full coverage of detection,flattening and internationalization of management,and manufacturing informatization management,etc.The construction and operation of the comprehensive innovation system for the steel structure manufacturing of the HZMB was successfully realized,the steel structure manufacturing of HZMB was completed with high quality and rich technical achievements,which mainly include:the automatic and

关 键 词：港珠澳大桥 钢结构制造 板单元自动化 U肋角相控阵检测 钢结构发展 

分 类 号：U445.47[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]