区域大气重污染过程识别指标及算法研究  

Identification Rule and Algorithm for Regional Heavy Air Pollution Processes

作　　者：石耀鹏 褚旸晰 段菁春[1,2] 易鹏 胡京南[1,2] SHI Yaopeng;CHU Yangxi;DUAN Jingchun;YI Peng;HU Jingnan(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;National Joint Research Center for Tacking Key Problems in Air Pollution Control,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]国家大气污染防治攻关联合中心,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2021年第4期32-39,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFC0208900);大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG0303)。

摘　　要：重点区域秋冬季大气重污染应对是大气污染防治工作的重中之重,但针对区域大气重污染过程尚无明确、统一的判定依据,给空气质量管理造成不便。以京津冀大气污染传输通道"2+26"城市为研究对象,依据秋冬季大气重污染过程的区域性特征,以及"发生—发展—消散"的演变规律,将区域内3个及以上相邻城市至少1 d空气质量达到重污染水平判定为一次区域大气重污染过程;若前后两次重污染过程仅间隔1 d,将两次过程及间隔日视为一次完整的区域大气重污染过程。基于"2+26"城市空间相邻矩阵设计了区域大气重污染过程识别算法,以2019—2020年秋冬季为研究时段,在"2+26"城市识别出7次区域大气重污染过程。该研究可为统一区域大气重污染过程的统计口径、优化区域重污染天气的预警范围和重点区域的划定等提供技术支持。Tackling the heavy air pollution problem in autumn and winter seasons in key regions is of great importance in current air pollution mitigation and control in China. However,a clear and universal identification standard for regional heavy air pollution processes( RHAPs) is still lacking,which causes inconvenience for air quality management. Here,the "2+ 26" cities along the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei air pollution transport channels are selected as the studied region and an identification rule for RHAP is proposed. Based on the regional characteristics and complete "occurrence-development-disappearance " evolution stages of RHAPs,the phenomenon of ≥3 adjacent cities with daily air quality reaching heavy air pollution level( Grade V and above,according to HJ 633-2012 Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality Index) for ≥ 1 day is identified as one RHAP. If two RHAPs are separated by only 1 day,the two RHAPs and the interval day are considered as a whole RHAP in order to avoid unnecessary break of a complete RHAP. Furthermore,an algorithm is designed based on the spatial adjacency matrix of "2+26" cities to realize automatic filtration of RHAPs within a particular period. For instance,during the 2019-2020 autumn-winter seasons,i. e. from October 2019 to March 2020,in total 7 RHAPs in "2+26" cities were identified. This work provides essential technical support for unifying RHAP-relevant statistics,optimizing the area for issuing regional heavy air pollution early warnings,and improving the rationality on the selection of key regions for air pollution prevention and control.

关 键 词：京津冀及周边地区 区域大气重污染 空间相邻矩阵 判定规则 预警应急 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]