北京市社区卫生服务机构传染病防控能力现状及对策研究  

Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Capacity of Community Health Institutions in Beijing:Current Status and Recommendations for Problems

作　　者：苏宁[1] 徐晓敏 朱瑞[1] 张向东[2] 于建平[1] SU Ning;XU Xiaomin;ZHU Rui;ZHANG Xiangdong;YU Jianping(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Administrative Office of Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Management Center for Community Health Services,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心北京市预防医学研究中心办公室,100013 [2]北京市社区卫生服务管理中心,100053

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2021年第28期3578-3583,3589,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：北京市疾病预防控制中心、北京市预防医学研究中心科研培育专项(2020-BJYJ-16)。

摘　　要：背景新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间,北京市社区卫生服务机构暴露出在传染病防控方面的一些弱项和“短板”。为提升其传染病防控能力、充分发挥其哨点监测作用,亟须摸清现状,发现问题症结,提出改进建议。目的了解北京市社区卫生服务机构传染病防控能力,发现问题,分析原因,提出政策建议。方法于2020年5—7月对北京市全部社区卫生服务中心开展问卷调查,对机构基本情况、科室设置情况、人员情况、基础设施情况、公共卫生服务提供情况、传染病和突发公共卫生事件应急能力等进行描述性分析。同时,利用国家疫情监测网络、2019年度北京市社区卫生工作统计资料汇编,对数据进行核对和补充。结果截至2019年底,北京市共有社区卫生服务中心342家。其中,90家(26.32%)设有发热门诊,102家(29.82%)设有肠道门诊,54家(15.79%)同时设有发热门诊和肠道门诊。社区卫生服务人员实际在岗28809人,2887人(10.02%)在公共卫生岗位工作,其中高级职称178人(6.17%)。159家(46.49%)机构可开展HIV检测,11家(3.22%)可开展新型冠状病毒核酸检测。对于29种常见传染病,140家(40.94%)机构无诊治能力,135家(39.47%)可诊治1~5种,29家(8.48%)可诊治>10种。结论北京市社区卫生服务机构在传染病防控体制机制、发热哨点诊室、诊疗能力、人才队伍建设等方面存在系列问题,应加强顶层设计,尽快弥补“短板”与不足。Background During the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic,Beijing's community health institutions showed some weaknesses in infectious disease prevention and control.To improve their capabilities in this aspect to fully play their role as a sentinel for monitoring infectious diseases,it is urgent to investigate and analyze their current status to find problems,then put forward recommendations.Objective To investigate the infectious disease prevention and control level in Beijing's community health institutions,and identify and analyze the problems,with suggestions put forward.Methods From May to July 2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted in all community health centers(CHCs)in Beijing.Information was collected,including the basic situation,departments,staff structure,infrastructure situation,the provision of public health services,and emergency response capacity for infectious diseases and public health emergencies of the CHC,and was analyzed using descriptive analysis.The above-mentioned data were checked and supplemented if necessary in accordance with the information in the China's National COVID-19 Surveillance Network and Beijing Community Health Statistics 2019.Results Of the 342 CHCs in total in Beijing as of 2019,90(26.32%)had a fever clinic,102(29.82%)had a gastrointestinal clinic,and 54(15.79%)had both a fever clinic and a gastrointestinal clinic.Among the incumbent workers in the CHCs(n=28809),2887(10.02%)held a position in public health,and 178(6.17%)had a senior professional title.HIV testing was carried out in 159 CHCs(46.49%).SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing was accessible in 11 CHCs(3.22%).For 29 kinds of common infectious diseases,140(40.94%)CHCs had no diagnosis and treatment capabilities,135(39.47%)had capabilities managing 1-5 kinds,only 29(8.48%)were able to diagnose and treat>10 kinds.Conclusion The CHCs in Beijing may have a series of problems in the infectious disease prevention and control system and mechanism,sentinel fever clinic,infectious disease diagnosis and treatment capacity,pu

关 键 词：社区卫生服务 传染病 防控能力 现况研究 北京 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]