独立自然村老年高血压人群流行病学数据获取方法的分析  

Methods of Obtaining Epidemiological Data of Hypertensive Elderly People in an Isolated Natural Village:a Comparative Analysis

作　　者：侯绪良 冯永恩 尹天露 陈威[4] 徐绍华 冯丽洁[1] 刘亚华[4] 孙新[5] 沈洪[1] HOU Xuliang;FENG Yong'en;YIN Tianlu;CHEN Wei;XU Shaohua;FENG Lijie;LIU Yahua;SUN Xin;SHEN Hong(Department of Emergency,the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China;Menjiazhuang Xidibei Clinic,Hengshui 053200,China;Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University,Handan 056000,China;Department of Emergency,the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China;School of Computer Science&Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一医学中心急诊科,北京市100853 [2]河北省衡水市冀州区门家庄乡西堤北村卫生室,053200 [3]河北工程大学附属医院,河北省邯郸市056000 [4]解放军总医院第三医学中心急诊科,北京市100853 [5]北京理工大学计算机学院,北京市100081

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2021年第29期3724-3728,共5页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：利用急诊数据平台对军队干部健康管理的研究(16BJZ19)。

摘　　要：背景我国慢性疾病早期发现、实时监测和有效控制情况仍不完善,致使临床工作者不能准确掌握高血压等慢性疾病的流行病学特征,不利于慢性疾病管理和居民健康。人工智能在居民健康档案管理中显现出优势,探索能够准确获取流行病学特征的方法有利于慢性疾病的管理。目的调查独立自然村老年高血压人群流行病学特征,掌握患者确实数据资料,研究获取高血压流行病学数据的可靠方法,为更有效地开展基层防治高血压工作提供大数据支持。方法2019年6—7月调查河北省衡水市冀州区门家庄乡某独立自然村65岁以上老年人群。至2019年6月,该村总人口为2603名,村医自2016年1月开始至2019年6月使用当地卫生信息管理系统共登记管理2485名(占该村总人口95.47%),其中65岁以上老年人516名(20.76%,方法一研究对象);2019年6—7月对该村65岁以上老年人进行入户走访调查,实际参与调查416名(方法二研究对象),应答率80.62%(416/516);该独立自然村从2017年12月开始使用智能辅助诊疗系统,至2019年6月,已对2460名村民进行健康数据管理,诊疗记录9856人次,65岁以上老年人337名(方法三研究对象)。分析三种方法采集高血压流行病学数据的优缺点。方法一:根据当地卫生信息管理系统中确诊为高血压者的记录,分析高血压患病率;方法二:采用入户调查和现场检测血压的方法,分析高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率;方法三:采用智能辅助诊疗系统中老年人群多次就诊数据记录,分析高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率。结果三种方法中研究对象的年龄及性别构成比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。方法一确诊高血压患者226名,患病率为43.80%(226/516)。方法二确诊高血压患者313名,患病率75.24%(313/416);入户调查新发现高血压患者53名,知晓既往有高血压者260名,高血压知晓率为83.07%(260/313);近两Background In China,imperfections in the early detection,real-time monitoring and effective control of chronic diseases make it impossible to accurately obtain the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension and other chronic diseases,negatively influencing chronic disease management and residents'health.Artificial intelligence(AI)technologies significantly improve health records management.Exploring methods that can accurately obtain epidemiological characteristics is conducive to the management of chronic diseases.Objective To compare the reliability of three methods used for accurately obtaining epidemiological data of hypertensive elderly people in an isolated natural village,providing a reference for bettering the prevention and treatment of hypertension in primary care.Methods This study was conducted in an isolated natural village with a population of 2603 as of June 2019 in Menjiazhuang Township,Jizhou District,Hengshui City,Hebei Province.For obtaining the epidemiological data of hypertension in villagers aged over 65 years,three methods were used,with different numbers of participants.The first method was by searching the data stored in the local health information management system,the number of villagers aged over 65 years was determined〔n=516,accounting for 20.76%of the total villagers registered by the village physician since January 2016(n=2485,accounting for 95.47%of the total village residents)〕,and the number of diagnosed hypertensive cases registered was also collected,then the hypertension prevalence was estimated.The second method was by use of a household survey(consisting of completing a blood pressure questionnaire and blood pressure measurement)conducted between June and July 2019,the number of respondents was determined as 416〔accounting for 80.62%of the total surveyed villagers aged over 65 years(n=516)〕,and the hypertension prevalence,awareness level,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in the respondents were obtained according to the survey results.And the thir

关 键 词：高血压 老年人 患病率 流行病学 智能辅助诊疗系统 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]