西北内陆河流域地下水循环特征与地下水资源评价  

Groundwater circulation patterns and its resources assessment of inland rivercatchments in northwestern China

作　　者：尹立河[1,2] 张俊[1,2] 王哲[3] 董佳秋[1,2] 常亮[1,2] 李春燕[4] 张鹏伟 顾小凡[1,2] 聂振龙 YIN Lihe;ZHANG Jun;WANG Zhe;DONG Jiaqiu;CHANG Liang;LI Chunyan;ZHANG Pengwei;GU Xiaofan;NIE Zhenlong(Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Groundwater and Ecology in Arid Regions of China Geological Survey,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of CAGS,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;China Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute,Beijing 100081,China;Urumqi Comprehensive Survey on Natural Resources of China Geological Survey,Urumqi 830057,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质调查局干旱半干旱区地下水与生态重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [4]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [5]中国地质调查局乌鲁木齐自然资源综合调查中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830057

出　　处：《中国地质》2021年第4期1094-1111,共18页Geology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41877199);陕西省创新能力支持计划(2019TD-040);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190351)联合资助

摘　　要：在系统梳理前人调查研究成果基础上,总结了西北内陆河流域主要的含水层特点,对山区、平原区和沙漠区的地下水循环特点进行了分析,着重对平原区地下水水流系统进行了讨论。由于西北内陆河流域地下水与地表水关系密切,形成了具有密切水力联系的含水层-河流系统,不论是上游开发地表水还是地下水,都会引起整个流域内地下水资源的强烈变化。地下水资源评价表明,西北内陆河流域地下水资源量为783亿m^(3)/a,其中平原区的地下水资源量为487亿m^(3)/a,山区与平原区的地下水资源重复量为199亿m^(3)/a,现状开采量为128亿m^(3)/a。地下水开发潜力分析表明,除柴达木盆地、塔里木盆地南缘等地区外,其他地区的地下水开采潜力有限,应通过提高水资源的利用效率来提高其承载能力。今后应加大(微)咸水资源化、地下水水库的调查研究,加强地下水的生态功能和生态需水量评价,为地下水资源的合理开发利用提供技术支撑。Based on the systematic synthesis of previous studies,main aquifers in inland catchments in northwestern China were summarized,groundwater circulation in mountains,plains and deserts were described,and groundwater flow systems in plains were specifically analyzed.Due to the tight connection between groundwater and surface water,aquifers and rivers are hydraulically connected to form a system.Therefore,either groundwater or surface water exploitation in the upper stream can result in significant changes in water resources in the entire catchment.Groundwater resources assessment shows that the total groundwater resources are 78.3 billion m^(3)/a,of which it is 48.7 billion m^(3)/a in plains,19.9 billion m^(3)/a in mountainous areas and plains,and the current mining rate is 12.8 billion m^(3)/a.Groundwater resource potential analysis indicates that groundwater potential is limited except the Cadam basin and the southern marginal areas of the Tarim basin.Hence,groundwater carrying capacity can only be increased by enhancing groundwater utilization efficiency.In the further,saline or brackish water utilization,research on underground water reservoirs,studies on groundwater ecological function and ecological water requirements should be enhanced to provide technical support for the rational development of water resources.

关 键 词：西北内陆河流域 水文地质条件 地下水资源 开发潜力 地下水水流系统 水文地质调查工程 

分 类 号：TV211.12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]