基于城市大数据的企业职业病危害现状调查  

Investigation on the status quo of occupational hazards in enterprises based on urban big data

作　　者：刘军[1] 余青[1] 李燕[1] LIU Jun;YU Qing;LI Yan(Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yichang,Hubei 443005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443005

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2021年第5期71-75,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解宜昌市职业病危害因素企业基本情况以及企业职业卫生管理现状。方法利用大数据与空间地理技术,结合企业现场复核,对全市现存职业病危害企业基本情况进行摸底调查。结果全市共调查职业病危害因素企业共2219家,行业分布以非金属矿物制品业、电力、热力生产和供应业和金属制品业最多。经济类型最常见为其他外商投资企业、合作经营企业(港或澳、台资)、集体企业,企业规模以小、微型数量为主。接害人群以噪声、粉尘和化学毒物为主,分别占总接害人数的65.23%、53.58%、29.76%。近3年总体定期现场检测率为20.73%、职业健康体检率为23.56%。结论宜昌市工业企业职业卫生管理工作有待进一步加强。Objective To clarify the basic situation of enterprises with occupational hazard factors and current situation of occupational health management in enterprises in Yichang City.Methods Using big data and spatial geography technology,combined with enterprise on-site review,conduct a thorough investigation of the basic situation of the existing occupational disease hazard enterprises in the city.Results A total of 2219 enterprises with occupational hazard factors were investigated in the city.The largestindustry distribution were in non-metallic mineral products,electric power,heat production and supply,and metal products.The most common types of economy were other foreign-invested enterprises,cooperative enterprises(Hong Kong or Macao,Taiwan-funded),and collective enterprises.The scale of the enterprises was mainly small and micro-quantity.Noise,dust and chemical poisons are the main hazards of the people exposed to the victims,accounting for 65.23%,53.58%,and 29.76%of the total number of people exposed.The city's overall regular on-site inspection rate in the past three years was 20.73%,and the occupational health examination rate was 23.56%.Conclusion The occupational health management of industrial enterprises in our city needs to be further strengthened.

关 键 词：大数据 职业病危害 调查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]