东莞市鼻咽癌患者家族癌症发病史流行病学调查分析  

Epidemiological analysis of family cancer history in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Dongguan City

作　　者：黎润球 陈顺金[1] 郑锐年[2] LI Runqiu;CHEN Shunjin;ZHENG Ruinian(Otolaryngology,Dongguan People′s Hospital,Dongguan,Guangdong 523000,China;Department of Oncology,Dongguan People′s Hospital,Guangdong 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省东莞市人民医院耳鼻喉科,广东东莞523000 [2]广东省东莞市人民医院肿瘤内科

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2021年第5期138-140,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究东莞市鼻咽癌患者家族癌症发病史流行病学特征。方法选取广东省东莞市人民医院2017年1月至2021年1月入院进行鼻咽癌治疗的患者240例进行家族癌症发病史调查,分别确定病例家系,获取其一二三级亲属癌症家族史情况,对其发病情况、人群分布、发病因素等进行调查分析。结果240个病例共询问7918个一二三级亲属,共发现患癌188例,其中鼻咽癌118例,非鼻咽癌70例(消化道癌10例,乳腺癌18例、淋巴癌20例、肺癌22例);家族癌症男性(127/240)多于女性(79/188);家族癌症主要病理类型为鳞状细胞癌(109/188),占57.98%;家族癌症组患者职业以农民居多(128/188),占68.09%;不同性别病例亲属鼻咽癌与非鼻咽癌患病率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.11,χ^(2)=0.23,P>0.05);不同性别病例的一级亲属癌症患病率均高于二三级亲属,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.26,χ^(2)=5.62,P<0.05);鼻咽癌家族癌症患者发病年龄高峰期为40~49岁年龄组(39.36%);家族癌症组患者咸鱼摄入经常度(每周>2次)、EB病毒感染明显高于家族非癌症组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.57,χ^(2)=10.59,P<0.05)。结论一级亲属癌症和鼻咽癌患病率显著高于二三级亲属;鼻咽癌的发生是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用的结果,对鼻咽癌家属需开展健康教育,避免食用熏制和腌制食物,积极改善生产、生活环境,以降低鼻咽癌发病率。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of family cancer history in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Dongguan city.Methods A total of 240 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2021 were selected for the investigation of family cancer history.The families of the patients were determined respectively,and the family cancer history of the first,second and third relatives was obtained.The incidence,population distribution and incidence factors were investigated and analyzed.Results A total of 7918 primary,secondary and tertiary relatives of 240 cases were inquired.188 cases were found to have cancer,including 118 cases of nasopharyngeal cancer and 70 cases of non-nasopharyngeal cancer(10 cases of digestive tract cancer,18 cases of breast cancer,20 cases of lymphoma and 22 cases of lung cancer).The incidence of familial cancer was higher in males(127/240)than in females(79/188).The main pathological type of family cancer was squamous cell carcinoma(109/188),accounting for 57.98%.Most of the patients in family cancer group were farmers(128/188),accounting for 68.09%;There was no significant difference in the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and non-nasopharyngeal carcinoma in relatives of different genders(χ^(2)=0.11,χ^(2)=0.23,P>0.05).The incidence of cancer in first-degree relatives of different genders was higher than that in second-degree relatives,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.26,χ^(2)=5.62,P<0.05).The peak age of nasopharyngeal carcinoma family cancer patients was 40 to 49 years old group(39.36%).The familial cancer group regular intake of salted fish(>2 times per week),Epstein-Barr virus infection was significantly higher than that of the familial non-cancer group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.57,χ^(2)=10.59,P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer in first-degree relatives is significantly higher than that in second-level and third-level relatives

关 键 词：鼻咽癌 家族癌症发病史 健康教育 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]