DNA胞嘧啶的甲基化与去甲基化进展  

Progresses in DNA Cytosine Methylation and Demethylation

作　　者：宋星睿 凌晓婷 赵楚斌 赖玮毅[1] 汪海林[1,2] SONG Xingrui;LING Xiaoting;ZHAO Chubin;LAI Weiyi;WANG Hailin(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;Hangzhou Institute for Advance Study,University of Chinese Academy ofSciences,Hangzhou 310024)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]国科大杭州高等研究院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《分析科学学报》2021年第4期473-478,共6页Journal of Analytical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.21904133);国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFA0901101)。

摘　　要：DNA胞嘧啶甲基化调控基因的表达以及多种生物功能,如细胞分化。概念上,DNA去甲基化是将已甲基化DNA核苷转化为未修饰核苷,是DNA甲基化的逆向过程。但在生物体内,这是一个涉及多步反应的非常复杂的过程。本综述简要介绍了动植物中DNA胞嘧啶的甲基化与去甲基化的研究现状,并讨论了恶性肿瘤(癌症)、阿尔茨海默氏病、心血管疾病、肺纤维病变和进食障碍等多种疾病中的甲基化与去甲基化异常。DNA cytosine methylation regulates gene expression and various biological functions,such as cell differentiation.DNA demethylation is the conversion of methylated DNA nucleosides into unmodified nucleosides,which is the reverse process of DNA methylation.But this is a very complicated process in cells.This review briefly introduces the current research status of DNA cytosine methylation and demethylation,and abnormal methylation and demethylation in many diseases such as pulmonary fibropathy and eating disorders,cancers,Alzheimer’s disease,and cardiovascular diseases.

关 键 词：DNA甲基化 去甲基化 5-甲基胞嘧啶 5-羟甲基胞嘧啶 TET双加氧酶 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]