采后不同修剪方式对基质栽培蓝莓生长和生理的影响  

Effects of different postharvest pruning degrees on growth and physiological indexes of potted blueberry

作　　者：王小敏[1,2] 赵慧芳[1] 黄正金 杨海燕[1] 樊苏帆 吴文龙[1] WANG Xiaomin;ZHAO Huifang;HUANG Zhengjin;YANG Haiyan;FAN Sufan;WU Wenlong(Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第3期32-39,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划现代农业项目“蓝莓基质高效栽培关键技术研发与示范”(BE2019399)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同修剪方式对蓝莓植株营养生长和叶片生理指标的影响情况,明确夏季蓝莓果实采收后的最佳修剪方式,为蓝莓基质盆栽管理提供科学依据。【方法】以3年生蓝莓品种‘夏普蓝’的基质盆栽苗为材料,在其全部果实采收后,分别设置不修剪(对照)、轻度修剪、适度修剪、重度修剪这4种不同程度的修剪方式进行试验,然后每隔15 d统计株高、冠幅、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值),每隔30 d测定叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性、超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量,并对此8个指标之间的相关性进行分析。【结果】修剪后120 d时,不修剪的植株体积最大,适度修剪的植株体积增加率最高;修剪后135 d时,适度修剪与不修剪的植株之间其体积指数无显著差异。不同处理间植株主茎总粗度的变化差异不显著。修剪后60 d内的叶片SPAD值,各处理间的差异不显著;修剪75 d后的叶片SPAD值,适度修剪的略高于其他3个处理的。适度修剪和重度修剪60 d内的盆栽苗能快速萌发新枝条。生理指标的测定结果显示,适度修剪的叶片SOD值,除了修剪90 d时的略有降低外,其余处理的均表现出较高的活性;叶片CAT活性,修剪30和120 d的差异显著,其他时间点各处理间的差异均不显著;4个处理下叶片O2-产生速率的变化趋势较为一致,修剪60 d时,重度修剪与对照、轻度修剪与适度修剪之间均有显著差异,其他时间点各处理间的差异均不显著;适度修剪的叶片MDA含量,修剪30 d时达到峰值,之后下降,但低于其他3个处理的;适度修剪的叶片SP含量,修剪30~120 d内缓慢增加,修剪120 d时达到最高值且高于其他3个处理的;适度修剪的植株生长势更好,更利于花芽的分化。【结论】蓝莓盆栽苗的果实采收后最佳的修剪方式是适度修剪,即修剪量约为枝条总量的20%。适度修剪�【Objective】The effects of different pruning degrees on blueberry vegetation growth and leaf physiological indexes were studied to clarify the best pruning method after blueberry fruit harvest and to provide scientific basis for potted cultivation of blueberry.【Method】Potted seedlings of 3-year-old blueberry cultivar’sharpblue’were used as materials.Four degrees of pruning including no-pruning,light-pruning,moderate-pruning and over-pruning were carried out after fruit harvest.The plant height,crown width and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value)were counted every 15 d.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),superoxide anion(O2-)production rate,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and soluble protein(SP)content were measured every 30 d.The correlation of 8 indexes was analyzed.【Result】The plant volume of no-pruning was the largest at 120 d,and the volume increasing rate of moderate-pruning was the highest.There was no significant difference in plant volume between moderate-pruning and nopruning at 135 d.There was no significant difference in the total diameter of main stem among four treatments.There was no significant difference in SPAD value among four treatments within 60 days,but the SPAD value of moderate-pruning was slightly higher than that of the other three treatments after 75 days.Moderate-pruning and over-pruning germinated new branches rapidly within 60 days.The physiological data showed that the SOD activity of moderate-pruning leaves decreased slightly at 90 d,and the CAT activity of moderate-pruning showed significant difference between 30 days and 120 d,but there was no significant difference of other periods among treatments;the change trend of O2-production rate of four treatments was consistent,over-pruning vs no-pruning,and light-pruning vs moderate-pruning had significant difference at 60 d,and there was no significant difference in other time treatments;MDA content of moderate-pruning leaves reached the peak at 30 d,then decreased,but it was lower than the other th

关 键 词：蓝莓 基质盆栽苗 修剪 果实采收后 ‘夏普蓝’ 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]