不同基质和激素处理对针叶樱桃嫩枝扦插生根的影响  

Effects of different matrix and hormones on rooting of tender cuttings of Malpighia glabra L.

作　　者：熊利权 杨德军 邱琼 陈绍安 张快富 陈勇 钟萍 XIONG Liquan;YANG Dejun;QIU Qiong;CHEN Shao’an;ZHANG Kuaifu;CHEN Yong;ZHONG Ping(Tropical Forestry Research Institute,Forestry and Grassland Academy of Yunan Province,Xishuangbanna 666102,Yunan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院热带林业研究所,云南西双版纳666102

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第3期142-149,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：云南省林业重点产业发展项目“西双版纳普文热带特色经济林繁育基地建设”(20181105580013);西双版纳热带林培育与经营国家长期科研基地运行补助项目(2019132534)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究针叶樱桃嫩枝扦插的方法和插穗的生根规律,旨在为高效培育针叶樱桃苗木、促进热带地区经济林产业发展奠定理论基础。【方法】采用L9(34)正交设计开展针叶樱桃嫩枝扦插的育苗试验,研究基质类型和生根粉的种类、处理浓度、处理时间的不同水平和处理组合对针叶樱桃扦插生根的影响情况。【结果】不同处理组合的扦插生根率为16.67%~82.22%,平均根系数量为5.93~25.73条/株,平均根系长度为3.67~9.37 cm,最长根系长度为10.60~22.00 cm,平均根系直径为0.18~0.33 mm,最大根系直径为0.47~0.71 mm,生根效果指数为1.09~6.64,各处理组合对针叶樱桃扦插生根的影响均较大,且不同处理组合之间差异显著(P<0.05)。影响针叶樱桃扦插生根率的主导因子是生根粉种类,ABT1生根粉能促进插穗生根;影响根系长度的主要因素是基质类型,"生土+河沙"基质能促进根系生长;生根粉处理时间是影响根系数量、根系直径、生根效果指数的主要因素,而生根粉处理浓度对针叶樱桃生根的影响最不显著。生根率与其他生根指标间均呈正相关,根系数量与平均根系长度、生根效果指数间均呈正相关,平均根系长度与基质类型呈正相关,生根效果指数与生根率、根系数量、平均根系长度、基质类型之间均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而根系数量与平均根系直径呈负相关。【结论】生根率与各指标间有相互促进的作用,生根效果指数与生根率、根系数量、平均根系长度和基质类型之间均存在协同关系,根系数量与根系直径存在竞争关系。以"生土+河沙"为基质,以浓度为500 mg/L的ABT1生根粉处理插穗1 h,这一处理组合的生根效果最好。【Objective】The method of softwood cuttings of Malpighia glabra L.and the rooting law of cuttings were explored to provide a theoretical basis for efficiently cultivating Malpighia glabra L.seedlings and promoting the development of economic forest industry in tropical regions.【Method】Experiments on cuttage of Malpighia glabra L.were conducted by L9(34)orthogonal experiment design to study the effects of different levels and combinations of matrix types,rooting powder types,rooting powder concentration and treatment time on rooting of Malpighia glabra L.cuttings.【Result】The rooting rate of different combinations of treatment was 16.67%-82.22%,the average root number was 5.93-25.73/plant,the average root length was 3.67-9.37 cm,the longest root system length was 10.60-22.00 cm,the average root diameter was 0.18-0.33 mm,the maximum root system diameter was 0.47-0.71 mm,the rooting effect index ranged from 1.09 to 6.64.Different treatments had a significant impact on the rooting,and there were significant differences among different treatment combinations(P<0.05).The dominant factor influencing rooting rate of Malpighia glabra L.cuttings was the type of rooting powder,and ABT1 rooting powder could promote the rooting of cuttings;the dominant factor influencing root length was the type of matrix,and the matrix of"raw soil+river sand"could promote root growth.The dominant factor influencing root number,root diameter and rooting effect index was treatment time.There was a positive correlation between rooting rate and other rooting indicators.The amount of root coefficient was positively related to the average root length and rooting effect index.The average root length was positively related to the type of substrate.The rooting effect index was positively related to the rooting rate,amount of root coefficient,average root length,and substrate type.There was a very significant positive correlation(P<0.01),and the amount of root coefficient was negatively correlated with the average root diameter.【Conclusion

关 键 词：针叶樱桃 嫩枝扦插 生根粉 生根效果指数 正交试验 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]