橘小实蝇和番石榴实蝇卵的提取物对两种实蝇行为的影响及化学成分分析  

The effect of egg extracts on the behavior of gravid female Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera correcta and analysis of chemicals on the egg surfaces of these species

作　　者：魏波 魏成梅 李云国 唐加菜 胡选升 刘航 董文霞[1] WEI Bo;WEI Cheng-Mei;LI Yun-Guo;TANG Jia-Cai;HU Xuan-Sheng;LIU Hang;DONG Wen-Xia(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,National Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan,Kunming 650201,China;Apple Industry Development Center of Zhaotong,Zhaotong 657900,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]昭通市苹果产业发展中心,昭通657900

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2021年第4期885-893,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：云南生物资源与保护重点实验室开放基金(2015-004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis和番石榴实蝇Bactrocera correcta卵提取物对2种实蝇雌虫行为的影响,以及2种实蝇卵表面化合物的差异,为2种实蝇的化学生态防治提供理论依据。【方法】利用Y型嗅觉仪测定了橘小实蝇交配雌虫和番石榴实蝇交配雌虫对卵表提取物的行为反应,并利用EthoVision XT软件分析雌虫在Y管内的运动轨迹;利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)鉴定分析橘小实蝇卵和番石榴实蝇卵的化合物成分,并利用标准曲线法测定了各组分的含量。【结果】橘小实蝇卵提取物对橘小实蝇交配雌虫具有显著引诱作用(χ^(2)=9.383,P=0.002),对番石榴实蝇交配雌虫具有显著驱避作用(χ^(2)=6.737,P=0.009),番石榴实蝇卵提取物对番石榴实蝇交配雌虫(χ^(2)=4.235,P=0.040)和橘小实蝇交配雌虫都具有引诱作用(χ^(2)=5.818,P=0.016)。从橘小实蝇卵表提取物中共鉴定出11种化合物,分别是茴香脑、十五烷、十二烷酸、十二酸乙酯、(Z)-11-十四碳烯酸、十四烷酸、十四酸乙酯、(E)-9-十六碳烯酸乙酯、十六烷酸、十八碳烯酸、(Z)-9-十八碳烯酸乙酯。从番石榴实蝇卵表提取物中仅鉴定出7种化合物,而且这7种化合物在橘小实蝇的卵提取物中都存在。仅存在于橘小实蝇卵表的4种化合物是茴香脑、十二烷酸、十二酸乙酯、(Z)-11-十四碳烯酸。在2种实蝇卵提取物的相同成分中,十四烷酸、(E)-9-十六碳烯酸乙酯、十六烷酸在橘小实蝇卵表的含量显著高于番石榴实蝇。【结论】番石榴实蝇具有通过卵表化合物识别同种卵和异种卵的能力,2种实蝇的卵表化合物具有明显的差异。[Objectives]To investigate the effect of egg extracts on the behavior of gravid female Bactrocera dorsalis and B.correcta was measured,identify chemicals on the egg surfaces of each species,in order to explain intra-and inter-species differences in the role of semiochemicals in egg recognition,and provide a theoretical basis for the chemical,ecological control of these pests.[Methods]The behavioral responses of mated female B.dorsalis and B.correcta to extracts from the eggs of these species were investigated in a Y tube olfactometer,and their activity tracks analyzed with the software EthoVision XT.Compounds on egg surfaces were identified by GC-MS and quantified by calculating absolute calibration curves obtained from authentic standards.[Results]Egg extracts of B.dorsalis attracted gravid females of this species(χ^(2)=9.383,P=0.002),but repelled female B.correcta(χ^(2)=6.737,P=0.009).However,egg extracts of B.correcta were attractive to both species(χ^(2)=4.235,P=0.040;χ^(2)=5.818,P=0.016).A total of 11 compounds were identified in egg extracts of B.dorsalis,including anethole,pentadecane,dodecanoic acid,ethyl dodecanoate,(Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid,tetradecanoic acid,ethyl tetradecanoate,ethyl(E)-9-hexadecenoate,hexadecanoic acid,octadecenoic acid and ethyl(Z)-9-octadecenoate.Only 7 compounds were identified from extracts of B.correcta eggs,and these were also identified from extracts of B.dorsalis eggs.Anethole,dodecanoic acid,ethyl dodecanoate,(Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid were only detected in extracts from B.dorsalis eggs.The amounts of tetradecanoic acid,ethyl(E)-9-hexadecenoate,and hexadecanoic acid were higher in extracts from B.dorsalis eggs than in those from B.correcta eggs.[Conclusion]Species-specific egg surface semiochemicals allow B.correcta to distinguish its own eggs from those of B.dorsalis,and there are significant differences in the chemical composition of the eggs of these two fruit fly species.

关 键 词：橘小实蝇 番石榴实蝇 卵表化合物 行为反应 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]