逆境条件下硅肥调控效应研究进展  

Advances in the regulation effects of silicon fertilizer under adversity stress

作　　者：刘春成[1,2,3,4] 李中阳 胡超[1,3,4] 曾智[5] 吴海卿[1,3,4] 崔丙健[1,3,4] 樊向阳 刘源[1,3,4] 马欢欢[1,2] 马天[1,2] 崔二苹[1,3,4] 樊涛 高峰 LIU Chun-cheng;LI Zhong-yang;HU Chao;ZENG Zhi;WU Hai-qing;CUI Bing-jian;FAN Xiang-yang;LIU Yuan;MA Huan-huan;MA Tian;CUI Er-ping;FAN Tao;GAO Feng(Institute of Farmland and Irrigation,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang Henan 453002;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Agriculture Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Research Station of Xinxiang City of Henan Province of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang Henan 453000;Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang Henan 453002;Jiangxi Provincial Water Conservancy Planning and Designing Institute,Nanchang Jiangxi 330000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]中国农业科学院河南新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站,河南新乡453000 [4]中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室,河南新乡453002 [5]江西省水利规划设计院,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第4期337-346,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI202001-02);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0403503-2,2017YFC0403302-1)。

摘　　要：硅(Si)元素被认为是N、P、K之后的第四大元素。硅肥有利于促进作物的生长和土壤环境的改善。为了给硅肥利用的研究提供一定参考,通过文献综述的方法,总结了逆境条件下硅肥对低温胁迫的调控作用、对植株病害的防效、对水分胁迫的调控作用以及对重金属胁迫的缓解效应。综合现有研究结果,认为增施硅肥具有提高植株的耐盐胁迫、耐重金属胁迫、抗低温、抗病害等能力。此外,不同硅肥的调控效果不同,而且配施其他肥料或者农艺措施等效果更佳。最后,对今后硅肥利用研究方面提出一些建议:(1)加强硅肥的相关机理研究,如硅是如何改善土壤微环境的,纳米硅材料在植物体内的运输、积累及其对植物抗逆性能的作用机理研究;(2)开展硅肥与非常规水资源安全利用的耦合研究,如何利用硅肥的特性来解决微咸水灌溉和再生水灌溉及其二者耦合灌溉的问题;(3)加强硅肥的提质效应研究。Silicon(Si)is considered to be the fourth largest element after N,P,and K.Silicon fertilizer is beneficial to promote the growth of crops and improve soil environment.In order to provide a certain reference for the research on the utilization of Si fertilizer,through the method of literature review,under the conditions of adverse environment,the regulation effects on low temperature stress and water stress,the control effect on plant diseases,and the mitigation effect on heavy metal stress of Si fertilizer are elaborated.Based on the existing research results,increasing the application of Si fertilizer can improve plants’ ability of resistance to salt stress,heavy metal stress,low temperature stress and disease. Further more,different types of Si fertilizer have different regulation effects,and the better effects could be gained by coupling other fertilizers or agronomic measures.Finally,some suggestions about Si fertilizer utilization are put forward in the future research:(1)strengthen the research on the related mechanism of Si fertilizer,such as how silicon improves the soil microenvironment,or the mechanism of the transportation and accumulation of the nano Si material in plants and its effect on plants;(2)carry out the coupling research on the safe utilization of Si fertilizer and unconventional water resources,for example,how to use the characteristics of Si fertilizer to solve the problems of brackish water irrigation and reclaimed water irrigation as well as their coupling irrigation;(3)strengthen Si fertilizer research on the improvement effect of product quality.

关 键 词：硅肥 盐胁迫 重金属胁迫 土壤 水分胁迫 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]