福建泉港“碳九”事件中海洋水体超标面积及大气影响范围的确定  

Determination of over-standard area of marine water and atmospheric impact range in Quangang C9 Event in Fujian province

作　　者：陈鼎豪 陈思莉 潘超逸 林兴周 黄大伟 虢清伟 CHEN Dinghao;CHEN Sili;PAN Chaoyi;LIN Xingzhou;HUANG Dawei;GUO Qingwei(South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment(Research Institute of Eco-environmental Emergency,Ministry of Ecology and Environment),Guangzhou 510530,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所),广州510530

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第8期2536-2546,共11页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(PM-zx703-202104-071)。

摘　　要：2018年11月4日凌晨,福建省东港石油化工实业有限公司(以下简称"东港公司")在给"天桐1"船舶装载工业用裂解碳九(以下简称"碳九")的过程中发生泄露。碳九的最终去向、溶解至水体中导致水体超标的范围、挥发至空气中的影响范围是鉴定此事件损失的重要参数。根据应急监测数据及模型模拟,确认了本次事故裂解碳九泄漏后的最终去向,及对海洋环境和大气的损害范围。结果表明:1)本次事故发生后碳九绝大部分被控制在事发点附近约0.6 km^(2)范围内;2)本次事故泄漏裂解碳九约40 t被吸油毡吸附去除,约25.7 t通过自然挥发进入大气环境,约3.4 t最终分散进入海洋水体;3)分散进入海洋水体的裂解碳九造成海域海水石油类超标,超标水团随潮流迁移扩散,超标时间持续约4 d,最大扩散面积约13 km^(2)。4)碳九泄漏后挥发进入大气后以毒害阈值或职业接触限值衡量,影响距离在泄露点500 m之内。本研究结果可为损害突发环境事件的鉴定评估提供参考。In the early morning of November 4, 2018, Fujian Donggang Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd.leaked during the transport of pyrolysis C9 for "Tiantong 1" ship industry. The final destination of pyrolysis C9,the area where water quality exceeding the water quality standard and the range of atmospheric influence are key aspects for identifying the loss of this event. According to emergency monitoring data and model simulation, the final destination of C9 leaked and the extent of damage to the marine environment and atmosphere are confirmed. Results showed that most of C9 was controlled within 0.6 km^(2) of the accident site. Investigation and analysis showed that about 40 tons of pyrolysis carbon were absorbed and removed by asphalt felt, about 25.7 t entered the atmosphere through natural volatilization, and about 3.4 tons eventually dispersed into marine water.Dispersion of pyrolysis C9 into ocean waters resulted in excess of oil in sea water. The excess water mass migrates and diffuses with tidal current. The excess time lasted for about 4 d, and the maximum diffusion area was about 13 km^(2). The influence distance of C9 entering the atmosphere was within 500 meters of the leak point. This study can provide reference for the damage assessment of emergency environmental accidents.

关 键 词：突发环境事故 环境污染损害评估 裂解碳九 影响范围 

分 类 号：X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程]