新疆油田含油污泥破乳-离心脱水工艺优化  

Process optimization of demulsification and centrifugal dewatering of oily sludge in Xinjiang oilfield

作　　者：安静 周龙涛 贾悦 徐阳 马杨飞 孙磊[4] AN Jing;ZHOU Longtao;JIA Yue;XU Yang;MA Yangfei;SUN Lei(Engineering Technology Research Institute,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay 834000,China;Security and Environmental Protection Department,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay 834000,China;No.2 Production Plant of Xinjiang Oil field Branch Company,Karamay 834000,China;No.1 Production Plant of Xinjiang Oil field Branch Company,Karamay 834000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆油田公司工程技术研究院,克拉玛依834000 [2]新疆油田公司安全环保处,克拉玛依834000 [3]新疆油田公司采油二厂,克拉玛依834000 [4]新疆油田公司采油一厂,克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第8期2721-2729,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：针对新疆油田含油污泥成分复杂、油水分离困难、处理难度大的特性,基于破乳剂、絮凝剂和助剂的油水高效破乳、絮体混凝沉降和助剂骨架强化脱水作用,使用复合调理剂对其进行了处理;并采用响应曲面法研究了破乳剂复配比例、温度、絮凝剂质量浓度对破乳脱水效果的影响。结果表明,各因素影响程度排序为:温度>破乳剂比例>絮凝剂质量浓度。高温有利于污泥脱水的主要原因是,高温有助于降低体系粘度、提升水滴流动性、推动水滴热运动,进而辅助水滴的团聚,最终实现油水分离。在最佳操作条件下(破乳剂NP-9∶SDBS为9∶1且质量浓度为4 g·L^(-1)、温度51℃、絮凝剂质量浓度为16 mg·L^(-1)、生石灰加量为1%)进行含油污泥破乳离心分离脱水,脱水率可达92.55%。SEM观察结果表明,复配破乳剂通过改变油泥的堆积方式、增加泥块的疏松程度、增大泥块的孔洞来提高油泥的脱水性能。本研究结果可以为含油污泥减量化处理的现场应用提供参考。According to some characteristics such as complex composition, being difficulty separating and treating of oily sludge, the compound conditioner being comprised of demulsifier, flocculant, and auxiliary agent was applied to handle the oily sludge based on the roles of efficient demulsification of demulsifier for oil and water, flocculant coagulation and sedimentation of flocculant, and strengthening dehydration of auxiliary agent.Response surface methodology(RSM) was used to investigate the effects of demulsification and dehydration at the different reaction conditions such as demulsifier mixture ratio, temperature and flocculant concentration. The results showed that the influence degrees of each factor on the demulsification and dehydration performances were ranking as temperature, demulsifier ratio, and flocculant mass concentration. The high-temperature reaction environment is conducive to reduce the viscosity of the system, which improve the fluidity of water droplets,promote the thermal movement of water droplets, and then assist the agglomeration of water droplets, which achieve the efficient separation of oil and water. The dehydration rate for oily sludge reached to 92.55% at the reaction conditions of the ratio of demulsifier NP-9∶SDBS 9∶1, the dosage of 4 g·L^(-1), the reaction temperature of 51 ℃, the concentration of flocculant 16 mg·L^(-1), and the dosage of quicklime 1%. The SEM results showed that the compound demulsifier could improve the dehydration capacity of the sludge via changing the accumulation mode of the sludge, increasing the looseness of the sludge, and expanding the holes of the sludge.The investigation results provide reference for the field application of oily sludge reduction treatment.

关 键 词：含油污泥减量 破乳剂 响应曲面法优化 污泥脱水 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]