山地地震采集作业方案设计关键参数优选  

Optimizing key parameters in the design of seismic acquisition in mountains

作　　者：胡峰 朱勇 邹军 万平 涂本先 HU Feng;ZHU Yong;ZOU Jun;WAN Ping;TU Benxian(Southwest Geophysical Exploration Company,CNPC Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting Inc.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司西南物探分公司,四川成都610213

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2021年第4期13-17,78,共6页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

摘　　要：为了提高复杂地表区“两宽一高”三维地震勘探施工效率、降低生产成本、以技术经济一体化施工实现油气勘探提质增效,以地震采集施工作业方案中涉及的关键参数为研究对象,利用近年来四川盆地多个大中型三维地震资料,进行了关键施工参数与采集效率以及直接成本的综合关系研究。研究结果表明:①排列模板布设是采集作业方案设计中的关键和核心,直接决定了采集效率和生产资源投入;②采集作业方案中的关键参数为有效采集工期、采集日效、采集设备投入量和采集滚动方式,施工方应结合项目实际和经验公式,综合优化关键参数,从而科学设计采集作业方案;③针对同一观测系统参数部署的不同勘探规模三维地震勘探,采集综合费用的增加幅度小于满覆盖面积的增加幅度,即随着三维满覆盖面积的增加产生规模效益。结论认为:①山地三维采集作业方案设计关键参数优选方法为生产组织决策者构建生产计划和优化资源投入奠定了基础,对合理测算工期和采集设备运转协调具有积极意义;②当三维满覆盖面积较小时,采集资源优化更有助于成本控制,当三维满覆盖面积较大时,采集日效优化具有较高的经济挖潜空间。In order to improve the efficiency of 3D seismic exploration with wide band,wide azimuth,and high fold num⁃ber in some complex surface areas,reduce the production cost,improve the exploration quality via a technology-economy integrated operation,the key parameters involved in an acquisition scheme were taken as objectives to study a comprehen⁃sive relationship among key operation parameter,acquisition efficiency,and direct cost by using multiple middle-and large-sized 3D seismic data in Sichuan Basin in recent years.Results show that(1)as the critical core in the scheme de⁃sign of acquisition,the arrangement template layout may directly determine the acquisition efficiency and production re⁃source input;(2)the key parameters in the scheme include effective acquisition period,daily acquisition efficiency,input acquisition equipment,and acquisition rolling mode.And the constructor shall optimize them based on project reality and empirical formula,so as to design an acquisition scheme scientifically;and(3)as for some 3D seismic exploration with dif⁃ferent scale deployed by the same geometry,the increasing amplitude of acquisition expense is smaller than that in full coverage area,which means that scale benefit can be achieved with the increase of 3D full coverage area.In conclusion,the method for optimizing the key parameters in the scheme design of 3D acquisition in mountains may lay foundation for production organization decision maker to prepare production plan and optimize resource input,and is of significance to es⁃timating the schedule and coordinating the operation of acquisition equipment reasonably.Furthermore,when the 3D full coverage area is smaller,the optimization of acquisition resource is more conducive to cost control;when it is larger,the optimization of daily acquisition efficiency has larger economical potential tapping space.

关 键 词：四川盆地 山地地震 三维地震 采集作业方案 参数优选 覆盖面积 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] P631.4[天文地球—地质学]