简谐振动冲击钻井技术破岩机制及钻进效果  

Rock fragmentation mechanism and drilling performance of harmonic vibration-impact drilling technique

作　　者：李思琪[1] 田胜雷 李丽[2] 李玮[1] 陈卓 房永生 LI Siqi;TIAN Shenglei;LI Li;LI Wei;CHEN Zhuo;FANG Yongsheng(Institute of Petroleum Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Qinghai Oilfield Company,Dunhuang 736202,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学石油工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]青海油田公司,甘肃敦煌736202

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期67-73,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT-2020151);黑龙江省留学回国人员择优资助(启动类)项目(719900090);东北石油大学人才引进科研启动项目(2019KQ12);东北石油大学优势学科方向建设项目(15041260528)。

摘　　要：为证明简谐振动冲击钻井技术的提速效果,对该技术的破岩机制和钻进特性展开研究。基于岩石介质的微振动模型,考虑岩石阻尼,进一步完善岩石介质的位移响应方程,推导岩石介质的能量响应方程,在此基础上分析简谐振动冲击和共振冲击条件下岩石介质的破碎机制。此外,应用有限元软件分别分析简谐振冲击下岩石的应力状态以及钻头轴向和扭转运动特性。最后通过S井现场应用实例进一步验证简谐振动冲击钻井技术的提速效果。结果表明:简谐振动冲击下,由于交变应力作用,岩石更容易达到抗拉强度和积累疲劳损伤而产生破碎;共振冲击条件下,冲击系统效率最高,岩石的振动响应达到峰值从而易发生瞬态破碎;简谐振动冲击作用可以改善钻头的黏滞效应,提高钻头的钻进效率,最终达到钻井提速的目的。The harmonic vibration-impact drilling technique can be applied to increase the penetration rate and drilling efficiency.In this study,its rock fragmentation mechanism and drilling performance were investigated based on a micro-vibration model of rocks,in which the displacement and energy response equations of rocks were derived by taking into account of the damping effect of rocks.The rock fragmentation mechanisms under harmonic vibration-impact and resonance impact were analyzed respectively.In addition,the stress state in rock matrix and the axial and torsional movement characteristics of the drill bit under harmonic vibration-impact were studied using a finite element software.A field case study of well S was applied to verify the drilling efficiency of the harmonic vibration-impact drilling technique.The results show that,due to the alternating stress under harmonic vibration-impact,rock matrix is more vulnerable to subject to tensile and fatigue fragmentation.Under the condition of resonance impact,the vibration response of rock matrix can reach a maximum state,which can induce instantaneous rock fragmentation.Meanwhile,the harmonic vibration-impact can alleviate the stick-slip effect of the drill bit and speed up the penetration rate,and improve the drilling performance.

关 键 词：简谐振动冲击钻井 振动响应 破岩机制 数值模拟 现场应用 

分 类 号：TE21[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]