基于COⅠ基因研究钱塘江三角鲂亲本、放流和自然捕捞群体的遗传多样性与遗传分化  

Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in broodstock,released populations and natural fishing population of black bream Megalobrama terminalis in the Qiantang River based on COⅠgene

作　　者：王邢艳 徐东坡[1] 张婉平 童奇烈 方弟安[1] 周彦锋[1] 张敏莹[1] WANG Xingyan;XU Dongpo;ZHANG Wanping;TONG Qilie;FANG Di'an;ZHOU Yanfeng;ZHANG Minying(Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;College of Fisheries,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Hangzhou Supervision and Management Chief Station of Fishery Administration,Fishing Port and Fishing Boat,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业农村部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,江苏无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [3]杭州市渔政渔港渔船监督管理总站,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第4期603-611,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家科技资源共享服务平台建设运行项目“国家淡水水产种质资源库”(2020DKA30470);钱塘江鱼类增殖放流效益评估项目(CTZB-F170543IWZ-ZZZ)。

摘　　要：为研究三角鲂Megalobrama terminalis亲本、放流和自然捕捞群体的遗传多样性现状和群体间的遗传分化,运用PCR产物纯化测序的方法,测定了三角鲂2个亲本群体、3个放流群体和1个自然捕捞群体共计6个群体224尾样品的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ,COⅠ)基因序列。结果表明:在661 bp序列中共检测到192个变异位点(占核苷酸总数的29.05%),A、T、C、G的平均含量分别为26.5%、28.0%、29.0%和16.5%,A+T含量(54.5%)高于G+C含量(45.5%);共检测到31个单倍型,其中,6个为至少2个群体共享的单倍型,hap9和hap2为第一、二优势单倍型,分别占样本总数的48.66%和22.32%,25个为仅1个群体享有的特有单倍型(占总样本数的13.4%),这与基于单倍型的网络结构图得出的hap9为最原始单倍型的结果一致;6个群体的单倍型多样性(H d)为0.710~0.848(平均值0.705),核苷酸多样性(P i)为0.00307~0.00840(平均值0.00578),其中,景山亲本群体遗传多样性最高,余杭放流群体遗传多样性最低;群体间遗传分化系数(F st)为-0.00934~0.19355(平均值0.09909),基因流(N m)>1;分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,群体内遗传变异为90.09%,群体间遗传变异为9.91%,6个群体间的Nei s遗传距离为0.003~0.009。研究表明,钱塘江三角鲂群体遗传多样性较高,群体间基因交流较多,部分群体间存在中等遗传分化,自然捕捞与养殖群体间不存在显著的遗传分化。In order to probe into the status of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of broodstock,released populations and natural fishing population of black bream Megalobrama terminalis in the Qiantang River,mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ(COⅠ)gene was sequenced in 224 individuals from 6 populations including 2 broodstock populations collected from Jingshan(JS)and Bai Song(BS),3 released populations Yuhang(YH),Tonglu(TL)and Jiande(JD)and 1 natural fishing population from capture.The results showed that 192 variable sites accounting for 29.05%of total nucleotide were found in 661 bp sequences,with average content of 26.5%in A,28.0%in T,29.0%in C and 16.5%in G.There was higher content of(A+T)(54.5%)than that of(G+C)(45.5%),and 31 haplotypes were detected in total,in which 6 haplotypes were shared by at least two populations,with the first hap9 dominant haplotypes,accounting for 48.66%and the second hap2 dominant haplotypes,accounting for 22.32%of the total samples.Twenty-five specific haplotypes(only accounting for 13.4%of the total number of samples)were found in only one population,which was consistent with the result that hap9 was the original haplotype based on the haplotype network structure diagram.The six populations had haplotype diversity(H d)range of 0.710-0.848(average 0.705),and the nucleotide diversity(P i)range of 0.00307-0.00840(average 0.00578),with the maximal genetic diversity in Jingshan broodstock population,and the minimal genetic diversity in Yuhang released population.The genetic differentiation coefficient(F st)was shown to vary from-0.00934 to 0.19355(average 0.09909)among the 6 populations,with the maximal values of gene flow(N m)of over 1.AMOVA analysis showed that there was 90.09%of genetic variation within the populations,and 9.91%genetic variation among populations.There was Nei's genetic distance of 0.003-0.009 among the 6 populations,with higher genetic diversity in black bream in the Qiantang River,indicating that there was moderate genetic differentiation among som

关 键 词：三角鲂 钱塘江 COⅠ基因 群体 遗传分化 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q953[生物学—动物学]