生烃热模拟研究进展及对非常规油气成藏研究约束  

Hydrocarbon Generation Thermal Simulation Research Progress and Constraint on Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoiring Study

作　　者：栾治盛 杜江峰 孙平昌[1,3] 侯丽云 丁聪 Luan Zhisheng;Du Jiangfeng;Sun Pingchang;Hou Liyun;Ding Cong(School of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130061;CNOOC Research Institute,Beijing 100028;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil Shale and Associated Energy Minerals,Changchun,Jilin 130061)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]中海油研究总院有限公司,北京100028 [3]吉林省油页岩及共生能源矿产重点实验室,长春130061

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2021年第7期19-26,71,共9页Coal Geology of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“松辽盆地上白垩统青山口组有机质旋回的天文年代信息示踪及有机质富集定量模型建立”(41402088);国家自然科学基金项目“油页岩纹层中古环境信息重建及毫米级有机质富集机理研究”(41772092)和松辽盆地基底古生界油气潜力评价(DD20211341)。

摘　　要：生烃热模拟实验是烃源岩成烃潜力与资源评价的重要手段,也是揭示页岩油气等非常规能源成藏序列的重要正演方法。生烃热模拟实验可以根据体系的开放性分为开放体系、封闭体系和半开放体系热模拟实验,选择不同的模拟实验方法应用于不同的研究目的。开放体系是与干酪根初始裂解反应最相近的热模拟方法,半开放体系是最为接近实际地质体中烃源岩热演化的热模拟体系,封闭体系更适用于Ⅲ型干酪根生烃模拟的研究,是认识重烃二次裂解的重要方法。在有机质热演化过程中,生成油气会受温度、压力、水介质、催化剂等条件的影响,这些外界因素也会对热模拟实验产生重要影响。热模拟实验在非常规资源中应用较广泛,既可以研究烃源岩的生排烃特征、成烃潜力及油气滞留特征;也可以分析作为储层的泥页岩的储集物性及孔隙类型演化特征等。目前热模拟实验在碳酸盐岩烃源岩热模拟实验、页岩热演化过程中的微米-纳米孔隙结构变化特征,有机质生排烃与泥页岩储集物性的协同演化关系这三个方面取得重要进展,也是未来的主攻方向。The hydrocarbon generation thermal simulation experiment is an important means to assess hydrocarbon generation potential and resources, also an important forward modeling method to reveal shale oil and gas etc unconventional energy reservoiring sequence. Hydrocarbon generation thermal simulation experiment based on system openness can be subdivided into open system, closed system and semi-open system thermal simulation experiments, and selected them on different research objectives. Open system is the closest thermal simulation method to discuss kerogen initial scission reaction;semi-open system is closest thermal evolution thermal simulation system for source rock in actual geologic body;while closed system is more adaptable to type Ⅲ kerogen hydrocarbon generation simulation study, an important method to know heavy hydrocarbon secondary scission. During organic matter thermal evolution process, oil and gas generation will be impacted by temperature, pressure, aqueous medium and catalytic agent etc conditions, these extraneous factors will impact thermal simulation experiment weightily too. The application of thermal simulation experiment in unconventional resources is more extensive, can study source rock hydrocarbon generation and discharge features, hydrocarbon generation potential and oil and gas retention features;but also can analyze accumulation physical property and pore type evolution features etc of argillutite as reservoir.At present, three aspects of thermal simulation experiment on carbonate source rock thermal evolution process micron, nanometer pore structure variation features, organic matter hydrocarbon generation and discharge,as well as argillutite accumulation physical properties co-evolution relationship have acquired important progress,also the major orientations in the future.

关 键 词：热模拟 有机质 储层 非常规油气 发展方向 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]