东乡野生稻对稻曲病抗性鉴定与分析  

Identification and Analysis of Resistance of Dongxiang Wild Rice to Rice False Smut

作　　者：胡建坤[1] 黄蓉[1] 李湘民[1] 刘永锋[2] 曹志斌 黄瑞荣[1] HU Jiankun;HUANG Rong;LI Xiangmin;LIU Yongfeng;CAO Zhibin;HUANG Ruirong(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Jiangxi Super Rice Research and Development Center,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]江西省农业科学院江西省超级水稻研究发展中心,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第4期774-782,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560382);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200808);江西省农业科学院青年基金项目(2014CQN007)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解东乡野生稻对稻曲病抗性水平,初步分析其抗病原因,对东乡野生稻在水稻抗稻曲病育种工作中应用给予评价。【方法】采用人工接种方法,对东乡野生稻107份单株材料进行稻曲病抗性鉴定,以了解其抗性水平,并通过调查与统计试验材料的穗苞长度、宽度、菌液容纳量以及接种后一定时间内气温等因素,对东乡野生稻材料抗稻曲病原因进行初步分析。【结果】107份东乡野生稻单株材料中,表现高抗的材料有19份,占鉴定材料的17.76%;表现抗病的材料有74份,占鉴定材料的69.16%;表现中抗的材料有12份,占鉴定材料的11.21%;表现中感的材料有2份,占鉴定材料的1.87%;高抗及抗病材料共93份,占鉴定材料的86.92%,没有感病及高感材料,表明东野材料整体对稻曲病有较好的抗性。穗苞长度、宽度及菌液容纳量调查结果显示,破口时东乡野生稻穗苞长度(28.73 cm)大于两优培九(22.05 cm),穗苞直径(0.65 cm)小于两优培九(0.87 cm),表明东乡野生稻与两优培九穗型存在显著差异,穗型的差异导致东乡野生稻穗苞菌液容纳量(0.88 mL)显著小于两优培九(1.93 mL),而穗苞菌液容纳量的减少降低了水稻与病原菌的接触数量,这可能是东乡野生稻对稻曲病整体抗性水平较高的原因之一。正常生长下的东乡野生稻孕穗及破口时间均晚于两优培九,因此接种后一定时间内东乡野生稻平均温度(24℃)低于两优培九(28.3℃),而稻曲病菌的最适宜生长温度为28.0℃,因此接种后东乡野生稻所处环境温度较低,不利于稻曲病菌生长,这可能是东乡野生稻对稻曲病整体抗性水平较高的另一原因。【结论】东乡野生稻对稻曲病有较高的抗性水平,在水稻育种工作中,可以利用东乡野生稻来改变水稻的穗型或推迟水稻生育期,以提高水稻对稻曲病的抗性。[Objective]In order to understand the resistance level of Dongxiang Wild Rice to rice false smut,the reasons for its resistance were analyzed,and its application in rice breeding for rice false smut resistance was evaluated.[Method]The resistance of 107 single plant materials of Dongxiang Wild Rice was identified by artificial inoculation to understand the resistance level,the reasons for its resistance to rice false smut were analyzed by investigating and counting the length and width of spike,the inoculum capacity and the temperature in a certain period after inoculation.[Result]The results showed that among 107 Dongxiang Wild Rice single plant materials,19 showed high resistance,accounting for 17.76%of the identified materials.There were 74 resistant materials,accounting for 69.16%of the identified materials;12 materials showed moderate resistance,accounting for 11.21%of the identified materials.2 materials showed moderate sensation,accounting for 1.87%of the identification materials.93 materials showed high resistance and resistance,accounting for 86.92%of the identified materials.There were no susceptible or highly susceptible materials,indicating that Dongxiang Wild Rice materials had high resistance to rice false smut.The investigation results of the spike length,width and inoculum capacity showed that the average spike length of Dongxiang Wild Rice(28.73 cm)was longer than that of Liangyoupeijiu(22.05 cm),and the average spike width of Dongxiang Wild Rice(0.65 cm)was narrower than that of Liangyoupeijiu(0.87 cm),which indicated that there were significant differences in spike type between Dongxiang Wild Rice and Liangyoupeijiu.The difference in spike type resulted in that the inoculum capacity of Dongxiang Wild Rice(0.88 mL)was significantly less than that of Liangyoupeijiu(1.93 mL),and the decrease of inoculum capacity reduced the contact quantity between rice and pathogen,which may be one of the reasons for the higher resistance level of Dongxiang Wild Rice to rice false smut.The booting and breaking ti

关 键 词：东乡野生稻 稻曲病 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.111.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]