微生物发酵秸秆日粮对湖羊育肥性能及其肠道微生物群落结构的影响  

Effect of Microbial Fermentation Feed on Fattening Performance,Microflora Communities of Huyang Sheep

作　　者：叶以哲 夏宗群 娄佑武 王荣民 管业坤 戴征煌 张国生 姜树林 丁君辉 YE Yizhe;XIA Zongqun;LOU Youwu;WANG Rongmin;GUAN Yekun;DAI Zhenghuang;ZHANG Guosheng;JIANG Shulin;DING Junhui(Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Products,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西省动物疫病防控制剂工程研究中心,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省畜牧技术推广站,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第4期881-890,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：农业农村部农业(江西省草地畜牧业)重大技术协同推广计划(农办科[2018]16);江西省农牧渔业指导性课题(NY2018013)~~

摘　　要：【目的】微生物发酵饲料具有提高饲料适口性和消化率以及促进动物肠道微生态平衡等作用。基于微生物发酵秸秆日粮系统分析断奶湖羊育肥性能及其肠道微生物群落结构,为揭示微生物发酵饲料促进湖羊肠道微生态平衡的机理及进一步促进秸秆利用提供科学依据。【方法】试验采用生物发酵方法发酵饲料,试验选取36只月龄一致、体质量相近的湖羊公羊,随机分成3组,每组12只,分别为A组饲喂精料补充料+花生秸秆、B组饲喂发酵精料补充料+花生秸秆、C组饲喂精料补充料+发酵花生秸秆,各组置于相同环境中共同饲养54 d,试验结束后,统计计算试验过程中各组羊只的平均日采食量、平均日增重、料肉比等生长性能指标,每组随机选择6只羊采集粪便样本,采用高通量测序的方法测定各组羊只肠道微生物结构和丰度。【结果】饲喂发酵精料补充料有提高肉羊的生长性能的趋势,发酵花生秸秆可以改善适口性,能够明显提升试验羊只的采食量,同时可提高肉羊生长性能和饲料的转化率。与A组相比,C组的菌群丰度显著下降(P<0.05);门水平中,Firmicutes和Synergistetes的相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05),而Parcubacteria的相对丰度显著上升(P<0.05);属水平中,Clostridium IV和Flavonifractor的相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05)。【结论】饲喂发酵的花生秸秆,可以有效增加羊只的采食量,能在一定程度上提升肉羊生长性能;发酵花生秸秆中存在的大量乳酸菌,抑制了Flavonifractor等有害菌的生长,促进肠道微生态环境的健康,而健康的肠道环境使Clostridium XlVa能够正常发挥其功能。[Objective]Fermented microbial feed can improve the palatability and digestibility of feed and promote the balance of intestinal microecology of animals.Based on the microbial fermented straw diet system,the fattening performance and intestinal microbial community structure of weaned Hu sheep were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for revealing the mechanism of microbial fermented feed promoting intestinal microecological balance of Hu sheep and further promoting the utilization of straw.[Method]The feed was fermented by biological fermentation method.36 Hu sheep of the same age and similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 in each group.The sheep in group A were fed with concentrate supplement and peanut straw,group B were fed with fermented concentrate supplement and peanut straw,and group C were fed with concentrate supplement and fermented peanut straw for 54 days.At the end of the experiment,the average daily feed intake,average daily gain,feed to meat ratio and other growth performance indexes of sheep in each group during the experiment were statistically calculated.Six sheep in each group were randomly selected to collect fecal samples,and the intestinal microbial structure and abundance of sheep in each group were determined by high-throughput sequencing method.[Result]The results showed that feeding fermented concentrate supplement tended to improve the growth performance of mutton sheep,and fermented peanut straw could improve palatability,feed intake,growth performance and feed conversion rate of mutton sheep.Compared with group A,the relative abundance of flora in group C decreased significantly(P<0.05),the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Synergistetes decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Parcubacteria increased significantly(P<0.05)at the gate level,and the relative abundance of,Clostridium IV and Flavonifractor decreased significantly(P<0.05)at the genus level.[Conclusion]Feeding fermented peanut straw can effectively increase the feed inta

关 键 词：发酵 湖羊 育肥 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]