烟草漂浮育苗有害藻类致病机制及其防治研究进展  

Research progress on pathogenic mechanism and controlling of the algae in tobacco floating seedling

作　　者：崔江宽 常栋[2] 万笑迎 康晓博 赵一鸣 黄微微 郑潜 李建华[3] 王雪芬 孟颢光[1] 蒋士君[1] CUI Jiangkuan;CHANG Dong;WAN Xiaoying;KANG Xiaobo;ZHAO Yiming;HUANG Weiwei;ZHENG Qian;LI Jianhua;WANG Xuefen;MENG Haoguang;JIANG Shijun(College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Pingdingshan Municipal Tobacco Company,Pingdingshan 467000,China;Xuchang Municipal Tobacco Company,Xuchang 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,平顶山467000 [3]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,许昌461000

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2021年第4期106-113,共8页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司科技项目(PYKJ201803,PYKJ202102);河南省烟草公司许昌市公司科技项目(2020411000240074);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(212102110443);河南省高等学校大学生创新训练计划项目(S202010466040)。

摘　　要：烤烟漂浮育苗技术自21世纪初叶在我国大面积应用以来,已在我国的烟叶生产中发挥了重要的积极作用。然而,漂浮育苗系统的环境特点却极易导致藻类滋生。有害藻类的大量繁殖不仅会与烟苗竞争养分和溶氧,还会导致营养液理化指标下降,不利于烟苗正常生长发育。同时,许多有害藻类产生的藻毒素能够严重抑制烟草种子萌发和幼苗生长,危害烟苗健康,诱发多种烟苗病害的发生。本文综述了烟草漂浮育苗系统中有害藻类的种类、发生特点、藻毒素种类与致病机制,提出了源头防藻、生态控藻和药剂除藻等多种防治措施和策略。并对有害藻类的新型绿色防治措施进行了展望,旨在推进我国烟草漂浮育苗系统中有害藻类的基础研究与防治技术研发。The floating-seedling technology for flue-cured tobacco,originated from the USA,had been widely used in China since the early 21st century and has played an important and active role in tobacco production.However,the warm and wet environment of the floating seedling system can easily lead to the growth of algae.The mass reproduction of harmful algae will not only compete with tobacco seedlings for nutrients and dissolved oxygen,but also decline the physical and chemical indexes of the nutrient solution,which is not conducive to the normal growth and development of tobacco seedlings.At the same time,many harmful algae produce algae toxins which inhibit tobacco seeds germination and growth,seriously harm the health of tobacco seedlings and trigger many tobacco seedling diseases.This paper reviewed the species,occurrence characteristics,phycotoxin species and pathogenic mechanism of harmful algae in tobacco floating seedling system,proposed a variety of control measures and strategies such as source control,ecological control and pesticide removal of algae,and prospected new green control measures of harmful algae,in the hope of promoting the basic research and control technology of harmful algae in tobacco floating seedling system in China.

关 键 词：烟草 漂浮育苗 有害藻类 藻毒素 防治措施 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]