稻虱缨小蜂耐热品系的生物和生态学特征  

Biological and Ecological Characteristics of a Thermotolerant Strain of Anagrus nilaparvatae

作　　者：王冰洋 黄庭发 马莹[2] 汤冰洁 周强[1] 张古忍[1] WANG Bingyang;HUANG Tingfa;MA Ying;TANG Bingjie;ZHOU Qiang;ZHANG Guren(State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;School of Agriculture,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院/有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室,广州510275 [2]中山大学农学院,广州510006

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2021年第4期693-701,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：广州市重点项目专题(201804020062);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队(2019KJ113)。

摘　　要：稻虱缨小蜂Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang是控制稻飞虱种群暴发的主要寄生性天敌之一,高温是制约其种群动态的重要因子。为了解35℃高温驯化获得的稻虱缨小蜂耐热品系(NR品系)的生防潜力,对不同温度下该品系的发育历期、有效积温、寄主卵选择、产卵量以及极端高温胁迫参数进行了测定。结果发现,与未经高温驯化的稻虱缨小蜂品系(HZ品系)相比,20℃时,NR品系雄蜂的发育速率显著高于HZ品系,这一差异主要表现在卵-幼虫中期和蛹期的发育时间明显缩短。NR品系在高温下能维持正常的产卵能力,35℃下NR品系产卵量仍能达到18.80粒/雌。NR品系有更强的耐极端温度的能力,50℃下NR品系雄蜂的热击倒时间为15.19 min,比HZ品系雄蜂长3.03 min。补充不同营养对NR品系的产卵量存在影响,35℃条件下补充10%蔗糖既能延长其寿命,也能提高产卵量。以上研究结果表明高温驯化得到的稻虱缨小蜂品系在35℃高温环境中能维持正常的生长发育和寄生能力,具备适应稻田夏季高温环境的潜力。The parasitoid,Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang,is one of the major natural enemies of rice planthoppers,while its population dynamics are frequently subjected to the restriction of high temperature.In this study,we measured the developmental duration,effective accumulative temperature,host egg preference,oviposition amount,and stress response parameters at extremely high temperatures of a thermotolerant strain of A.nilaparvatae(NR strain,acclimated at 35℃for 24 generations)to characterize its biocontrol potential.The results showed that,compared with the A.nilaparvatae control strain HZ,males of the NR strain showed a significantly higher development rate at 20℃,and the difference was mainly due to the egg-middle larvae stage and the pupal stage.NR strain oviposited even at high temperatures,with 18.80 eggs per female at 35℃.NR strain showed higher tolerance to extreme temperatures than HZ strain.The heat knockdown time of NR strain males at 50℃was 15.19 min,3.03 min longer than that of the HZ strain.Furthermore,the fecundity of NR strain was affected by nutriments.Supplement of 10%sucrose at 35℃could not only prolong lifespan but also increase fecundity.Those results indicate that the A.nilaparvatae strain acclimated at high temperatures can maintain normal growth and parasitism at 35℃,which confers its potential to adapt to high temperatures in summer.

关 键 词：稻虱缨小蜂 耐热品系 温度 发育历期 产卵量 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]