牛筋草生防菌NJC-16的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究  

Isolation,Identification,and Biological Characteristics of the Biocontrol Fungi NJC-16 for Eleusine indica

作　　者：顾琼楠 欧翔 褚世海[1] 黄启超[1] 陈安安 李儒海[1] GU Qiongnan;OU Xiang;CHU Shihai;HUANG Qichao;CHEN Anan;LI Ruhai(Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases,Insect Pests and Weeds Control/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Guilin Customs of the People's Republic of China,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所/农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064 [2]中华人民共和国桂林海关,桂林541004

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2021年第4期818-826,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901903);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200807);农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室开放基金(2018ZTSJJ3);国家生物农药工程技术研究中心/农业农村部农业微生物资源利用华中区域科学观测试验站联合开放基金(JF-NBCOES-1805)。

摘　　要：为了筛选并获得低毒且高效的牛筋草生防菌,采用常规组织分离法获得牛筋草炭疽病病原菌菌株NJC-16,通过形态学观察结合ITS序列分析对菌株进行鉴定,确定该菌株为牛筋草炭疽菌Colletotrichum eleusines。该病原菌最适生长温度为25℃;不同光照条件对病原菌生长无显著差异;在供试碳(氮)源中病原菌对淀粉和酵母粉的利用效果最好;生长最适pH为6-9;菌丝的致死温度为65℃、10 min。室内生防试验表明,菌株NJC-16分生孢子悬浮液对牛筋草防效最佳,接菌21 d后牛筋草发病率为83.2%,鲜重防效达73%,对稗、马唐、千金子、反枝苋、大巢菜的生防效果较差。作物安全性试验表明,该菌株的分生孢子液对玉米、小麦、水稻安全。综上所述,菌株NJC-16有开发成为生物除草剂的潜力。In order to screen and obtain a low toxicity and efficient bioherbicide to goosegrass,strain NJC-16,a pathogenic fungus of anthracnose disease of goosegrass in Hubei Province,was obtained by tissue isolation.The strain was identified as Colletotrichum eleusines by morphological characterization combined with ITS sequence analysis.The optimum growth temperature for the strain was 25℃.No significant differences were found in the mycelial growth between different illuminations.The optimal carbon source for mycelial growth was starch,and the optimal nitrogen source for mycelial growth was yeast.The optimum pH value for mycelial growth was 6-9.Hyphal viability completely lost when hyphal agar was treated at 65℃for 10 min.Indoor test showed that disease incidence of goosegrass reached 83.2%21 d after inoculation of NJC-16 spore suspension,and the inhibition rate of goosegrass fresh weight was 73%.However,the strain was not effective to Echinochloa crusgalli,Digitaria sanguinalis,Leptochloa chinesis,Vicia sativa and Amaranthus retroflexus.Crop safety tests showed that the spore suspension was safe to maize,wheat and rice crops.Taken together,strain NJC-16 has the potential to be developed as a mycoherbicide.

关 键 词：牛筋草 牛筋草炭疽菌 生物学特性 微生物除草剂 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]