人文主义的回归——意大利美第奇园林设计的意与匠  

Return of Humanism:A Study on the Artistic Conception and Craftsmanship of Medici Gardens in Italy

作　　者：杨云峰[1] 朱亚文 YANG Yunfeng;ZHU Yawen

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037 [2]中国江苏国际经济技术合作集团有限公司建筑设计院,南京210037

出　　处：《中国园林》2021年第8期127-132,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号31300590、51408316);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(南京林业大学风景园林学)共同资助。

摘　　要：公元3世纪时,西方世界就出现了人文主义思想的萌芽;到了13世纪末,人文主义在意大利复苏并带来了一场科学与艺术的革命。意大利园林艺术正是在这一浪潮中逐渐发展并形成了自己独特的风格。这种风格的形成不仅受到人文主义思想的影响,还受到社会力量的影响。从新兴资产阶级中脱颖而出的美第奇家族对这种风格的产生起到了不可或缺的作用,1931年在佛罗伦萨举行的第一届意大利花园展览中称“美第奇家族对园林艺术作出了最大的贡献”。从人文主义和美第奇家族的角度出发,分析家族中对意大利园林发展产生重要作用的人物,解读美第奇园林的人文背景、象征意义及演变过程,归纳总结美第奇园林的特征。In the third century, the sprout of humanism appeared in the Western world. At the end of the 13 th century, humanism first revived in Italy and brought a revolution of science and art. It is in this wave that Italian garden art has gradually developed and formed its own unique style. Italian garden style was formed in the Renaissance, which was influenced not only by humanism, aesthetics, politics, economy and culture, but also by social forces. The Medici family, which stands out from the emerging bourgeoisie, played an indispensable role in the creation of this style. The first Italian Garden Exhibition held in Florence in 1931 said that "the Medici family has made the greatest contribution to the garden art". From the perspective of humanism and the Medici family, this study analyzes the important characters in the Medici family who play an important role in the development of Italian gardens, interprets the humanistic background, symbolic significance and evolution process of Medici gardens, and summarizes the characteristics of Medici gardens.

关 键 词：风景园林 美第奇家族 人文主义 美第奇园林 意匠 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]