吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑对核桃炭疽病菌的联合毒力及林间防治效果  

Synergic toxicity and field effect of pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on walnut

作　　者：贤小勇[1] 朱桂宁[1] 林珊宇[1] 韦小妹 黎柳锋[1] 韦艺 韦名壮 苏方贵 黄明金 韦爱娜 XIAN Xiao-yong;ZHU Gui-ning;LIN Shan-yu;WEI Xiao-mei;LI Liu-feng;WEI Yi;WEI Ming-zhuang;SU Fang-gui;HUANG Ming-jin;WEI Ai-na(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;Walnut Institute of Hechi City,Hechi,Guangxi 547000,China;Forestry Bureau of Tian’e County,Hechi,Guangxi 547300,China;Walnut Research Center of Fengshan County,Hechi,Guangxi 547600,China;Walnut Industry Development Center of Nandan County,Hechi,Guangxi 547200,China;Forestry Bureau of Donglan County,Hechi,Guangxi 547400,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]河池市核桃研究所,广西河池547000 [3]天峨县林业局,广西河池547300 [4]凤山县核桃科研开发中心,广西河池547600 [5]南丹县核桃产业发展中心,广西河池547200 [6]东兰县林业局,广西河池547400

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2021年第6期1633-1640,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204058-15);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT063)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑混配对核桃炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)的联合毒力和林间防治效果,为核桃炭疽病综合防控提供科学依据。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法测定吡唑醚菌酯和苯醚甲环唑单剂及其不同配比混剂对核桃炭疽病菌菌丝生长的毒力;利用喷雾法进行林间防治试验,评价吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑混剂对核桃炭疽病的林间防治效果。【结果】室内联合毒力测定结果表明,吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑按质量比3∶2和1∶1进行复配对核桃炭疽病菌菌丝生长的毒力表现为增效作用,增效系数分别为1.61和1.57;其他配比的增效系数在0.91~1.41,表现为相加作用。林间对核桃炭疽病的防治试验结果表明,250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油与250 g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油以质量比3∶2进行混配(吡唑醚菌酯和苯醚甲环唑的含量分别为150和100 g/L),施用剂量为有效成分125.0、166.7和250.0 mg/L时对核桃炭疽病有很好的防治效果,施药3次后防治效果均在80.0%以上,分别与325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯悬浮剂(苯醚甲环唑125 g/L+嘧菌酯200 g/L)施用剂量为有效成分162.5、216.7和325.0 mg/L时的防治效果相当;250 g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油125.0 mg/L的林间防治效果也较好,而250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂166.7 mg/L和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油166.7 mg/L的防治效果稍低。【结论】吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑以质量比3∶2混配具有较好的增效作用,林间对核桃炭疽病具有良好的防治效果,可作为防治核桃炭疽病的药剂推广应用。【Objective】The synergistic toxicity and field control effects of pyraclostrobin,difenoconazole and their mixtures against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on walnut were studied in order to provide the information for integrating walnut anthracnose management.【Method】Toxicity of pyraclostrobin,difenoconazole and their mixtures at different ratios against C.gloeosporioides on walnut was determined by mycelial growth rates test.The field control effects of pyraclostrobin,difenoconazole and their mixtures on anthracnose were assessed by fungicide spray on walnut trees in the field.【Result】The results of co-toxicity test showed that the mixtures with the pyraclostrobin-difenoconazole mass ratio of 3∶2 and 1∶1 exhibited synergistic interaction,with the synergistic coefficients of 1.61 and 1.57,respectively.The other ratios exhibited an additive effect on anthracnose,with the synergistic ratio of 0.91-1.41.The field trials demonstrated that the mixture at 3∶2(pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole were 150 g/L and 100 g/L in the mixture,respectively)mass ratio of 250 g/L pyraclostrobin EC and 250 g/L difenoconazole EC controlled the anthracnose efficiently.After spraying the mixture 125.0,166.7 and 250.0 mg/L on walnut trees for three times,the control effects were all above 80%,equivalent to those of 325 g/L difenoconazole·azoxystrobin SC(125 g/L difenoconazole+200 g/L azoxystrobin)162.5,216.7 and 325.0 mg/L,respectively.250 g/L difenoconazole EC 125.0 mg/L also exhibited good control effect,while 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC 166.7 mg/L and 250 g/L pyraclostrobin EC 166.7 mg/L gave slightly lower efficacy.【Conclusion】The mixture of pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole at 3∶2 mass ratio exhibits synergistic interaction on the mycelial growth of C.gloeosporioides and controlls the anthracnose efficiently.Thus it can be widely applied on the disease management.

关 键 词：吡唑醚菌酯 苯醚甲环唑 核桃炭疽病 联合毒力 林间防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.64[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S481.9[农业科学—植物保护]