Improving nutrition for the prevention of gestational diabetes:Current status and perspectives  

作　　者：Polina V Popova Evgenii A Pustozerov Aleksandra S Tkachuk Elena N Grineva 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Endocrinology,Almazov National Medical Research Centre,Saint Petersburg 194156,Russia [2]Department of Faculty Therapy,Saint Petersburg Pavlov State Medical University,Saint Petersburg 197022,Russia [3]Department of Biomedical Engineering,Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University,Saint Petersburg 197341,Russia

出　　处：《World Journal of Diabetes》2021年第9期1494-1506,共13页世界糖尿病杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Governmental Research Topic from the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation,No.121031100288-5.

摘　　要：Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a common complication of pregnancy and a serious public health problem.It carries significant risks of short-term and longterm adverse health effects for both mothers and their children.Risk factors,especially modifiable risk factors,must be considered to prevent GDM and its consequences.Observational studies have identified several nutritional and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of GDM.The results of intervention studies examining the effects of diet and lifestyle on the prevention of GDM are contradictory.Differences in the study populations,types and intensity of intervention,time frame of the intervention,and diagnostic criteria for GDM may explain the heterogeneity in the results of intervention studies.This review provides an overview of new diets and other factors that may help prevent GDM.The main results of epidemiological studies assessing the risk factors for GDM,as well as the results and methodological problems of intervention studies on the prevention of GDM and their meta-analyses,are discussed.In addition,the evidence that gene and lifestyle interactions influence the development of GDM,as well as prospects for increasing the effectiveness of interventions designed to prevent GDM,including new data on the possible uses of personalized diet therapy,are highlighted.

关 键 词：Gestational diabetes mellitus Risk factors NUTRITION PREVENTION Personalized medicine Postprandial glycemic response 

分 类 号：R714.256[医药卫生—妇产科学]