跑台运动下大鼠脱钙股骨骨髓适应性节约化和脾脏免疫机能下降对B细胞早期发育的影响研究  

Effect of Decalcified Femoral Bone Marrow Adaptive Conservation and Decreased Immune Function of Spleen on Early B Cell Development in Rats Under Treadmill Exercise

作　　者：耿青青[1] 田祯祥[2] 张鹤鸣 王宏[1] 何伟[1] 刘双妍 GENG Qingqing;TIAN Zhenxiang;ZHANG Heming;WANG Hong;HEWei;LIU Shuangyan(Shandong Sport University,Jinan 250102,China;Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277160,China;Jinan Seventh People’s Hospital,Jinan 251400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院,山东济南250102 [2]枣庄学院,山东枣庄277160 [3]济南市第七人民医院,山东济南251400

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2021年第9期76-81,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014CL018)。

摘　　要：目的:选取大鼠脱钙股骨骨髓、脾脏,观察其在运动性免疫失衡状态下所引发的组织结构改变,探讨机体免疫机能的适应性变化。方法:64只SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组进行递增负荷跑台运动6周,在第0、2、4、6周的末次训练结束后48 h,无菌采样大鼠股骨和脾脏,采用脱钙股骨骨髓石蜡切片和脾脏H.E.染色技术,观察4组之间骨髓、脾脏组织结构及脾指数的差异。结果:1)与0周运动组相比,2周运动组脱钙股骨骨髓造血细胞呈下降趋势,6周组呈上升趋势(P>0.05,0周组、2周组、6周组分级均为-级);与2周运动组相比,4周组呈上升趋势;与4周运动组相比,6周组呈继续增加趋势(P>0.05,4周组分级为-级)。2)与0周运动组相比,2周运动组脾脏开始出现白髓和红髓界线有交叉(P>0.05,分级为-级),脾系数呈非常显著性下降(P<0.01);4周运动组仍有界线交叉现象,白髓呈减少趋势(P>0.05,分级为+级),脾系数呈显著性下降(P<0.05);6周运动组,红髓浸润白髓的现象(P>0.05,分级为-级),脾系数呈显著性下降(P<0.05)。结论:1)随着训练周数的推进,推测骨髓髓系干细胞对递增的运动强度有了更加节约化的适应性免疫反应,由于机体营养供应分配有优先等次之分,会引起骨髓髓系与淋巴系细胞增殖情况发生变化,进而影响B淋巴细胞在骨髓的早期发育。2)从2周运动组就开始出现白髓和红髓之间界线交叉现象,同时脾指数也明显下降,提示脾脏免疫机能下降,可能是伴随着运动性疲劳的累积,削弱了脾脏免疫细胞的增殖与活化能力,进而影响了B淋巴细胞在脾脏的进一步分化与发育。3)与骨髓微环境相比,脾脏微结构的免疫反应对运动应激更为敏感和明显,两者的适应性反应也不同。Objective:To observe the adaptive changes of the bone marrow and spleen immune function in rats under the condition of exercise-induced immune imbalance.Methods:64 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group underwent incremental treadmill exercise for six weeks.At the end of 0,2,4 and 6 weeks,with‐in 48 h hours after the last training,the femur and spleen of rats were sampled aseptically.The H.E.staining of paraffin section of decalcified femur and spleen were used to observe the differ‐ences of bone marrow,spleen tissue structure and spleen index among the four groups.Results:1)Compared with the 0-week exercise group,it showed a downward trend that the bone mar‐row myeloid stem cells of the decalcified femur in the 2-week exercise group(P>0.05,0-week group,2-week group and 6-week group were all graded as-level),while it showed an upward trend in the 4-week and 6-week exercise groups(P>0.05,4-week group was graded as-level).2)Compared with the 0-week exercise group,the spleen of the 2-week exercise group began to show crossover between the white pulp and red pulp boundaries(P>0.05,grade-),and thespleen coefficient showed a very significant decrease(P<0.01).Boundaries were still crossed in the 4-week exercise group,and the white pulp showed a decreasing trend(P>0.05,grade+),and the spleen coefficient showed a significant decrease(P<0.05).In the 6-week exercise group,the infiltration of red pulp into white pulp was observed(P>0.05,grade-),and the splenic coeffi‐cient was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusions:1)It is speculated that with the advanc‐ing of training weeks,the immune function of the body had a more economical adaptive response to the increasing exercise intensity.Due to the preferential distribution of nutrition supply in the body,the proliferation of myeloid and lymphoid cells in the bone marrow would be changed,which would affect the early development of B lymphocytes in the bone marrow.2)The crossover between the white and red medul

关 键 词：运动性免疫失衡 骨髓 B细胞 脱钙股骨石蜡切片 脾指数 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]